Ancient Greece K. Roberts. Geography Located on a peninsula Mountainous terrain which makes farming difficult focus on trading olives and grapes Ionian,

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Greece K. Roberts

Geography Located on a peninsula Mountainous terrain which makes farming difficult focus on trading olives and grapes Ionian, Mediterranean, Aegean Sea all around Greece

Early Civilizations Minoan Civilization located on island of Crete capital: Knossos wrote in “Linear A” Suddenly disappeared either to a large tidal wave by a volcano or destruction of invasion by Mycenaeans

Early Civilizations Mycenae first Greek state powerful monarchies warrior type people wrote in “Linear B” Decline - Mycenaean states fighting each other

Trojan War Paris, prince of Troy, kidnaps Helen, wife of king of Sparta, Agamemnon Greeks unite ten years later, attack Troy Can’t break walls, so they build a wooden horse, stay inside overnight, sack the city next day after Trojans bring horse inside city walls

Trojan Horse

Trojan War Homer - author of Iliad and Odyssey epic poems that tells deeds of a hero Illiad: about the Trojan War Odyssey: about Odysseus’ journey after the war both stories to teach about courage and honor OR...

City-States Athens thoughtful people studied science, history, architecture, and philosophy government: democracy started by Cleisthenes council of 500

Government Athens originally a oligarchy Draco is asked to come build laws so everyone can follow Harsh, death become punishment for every single crime

City-States Sparta conquering people often took neighboring people as serfs (slaves) males: military men women: housewives Gov’t: oligarch NO VISITORS!

GREECE Important events/concepts: Greece vs. Persia Ionian Greece taken over by Persian Empire, try to revolt - makes Darius mad led an attack on the plain of Marathon, but were defeated Xerxes planned to invade Greece 7,000 Greeks held off 180,000 Persians at Thermopylae

GREECE Important events/concepts: Athens takes leadership over Greece forms Delian League pursued the attack against Persian Empire Caused problems, leading to Peloponnesian War Athens (allies) vs. Sparta (allies) Athens: Better Navy Sparta: Better Soldiers

GREECE Important events/concepts: Religion: polytheistic gods lived on Mount Olympus oracles would divulge information for the people

GREECE Important events/concepts: Drama: Tragedies Sophocles - Oedipus Rex where we get the phrase the “Oedipus Complex” examined problems such as nature of good and evil History: Herodotus - world’s first historian Thucydides - considered to be greatest historian of ancient world viewed war and politics as activities of humans, not gods

GREECE Philosophers: Socrates - asked people questions, challenging them to exam their answers Plato - wrote the Republic, believed reason was best for one to know what they believe Aristotle - studied all types of government, really focused on biology, politics, literature, and other subjects that eventually made it to the first European universities

GREECE Hellenistic Greece Brought about Alexander the Great Upon death, empire broke into four sections “imitate Greeks” expansion of Greek culture and language to the non-Greek world