CHAPTER 10 THE JEFFERSON ERA.

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 10 THE JEFFERSON ERA

HOW DID THE EVENTS OF THE JEFFERSON ERA STRENGTHEN THE NATION? ESSENTIAL QUESTION HOW DID THE EVENTS OF THE JEFFERSON ERA STRENGTHEN THE NATION?

Chapter 10-1 JEFFERSON TAKES OFFICE

A New Party Comes to Power Election of 1800 Federalists : Pres. John Adams Democratic-Republicans: Thomas Jefferson Each thought the other side was a threat to Constitution & America

Democratic-Republicans Won Jefferson 73 electoral votes VS Adams 65 votes BUT Aaron Burr – VP also got 73 votes!! House of Reps had to choose between the two!

BREAKING THE TIE From Feb. 11 to Feb. 17 the House had 35 votes – undecided still! (The House was still mainly Federalists) Finally Alexander Hamilton convinced some House to vote Jefferson On the 36th vote Jefferson was elected President!! And Aaron Burr the VP

JEFFERSON & DEMOCRACY Many talents beyond politics... Violinist Amateur Scientist Devoted Reader Book Collection – Library of Congress Interest in Architecture – Ancient Greek & Rome Nation’s Capital architecture HUMBLE – no coach on Inauguration Day – just strolled thru Washington DC

Jefferson’s Government View First – wanted to heal political wounds – urged political enemies to unite as Americans! Promoted a COMMON WAY OF LIFE Nation of small independent farmers Uphold strong morals & democratic ideals Much land available Prevent overcrowding in cities (Europe Avoid too much government – central gov’t limited power – people govern selves

JEFFERSON & FEDERALISTS Reduced number of government employees Reduced size of military Ended Federalist Programs Alien & Sedition Act – released prisoners Ended Whisky Tax Reduced public debt – used revenues from tariffs & land sales to pay back citizens

CONFLICT with the COURTS Judiciary Act of 1801 – Adams appointed Federalist judges between election of Jefferson and his inauguration Judges appointed for life – Jefferson had a Federalist controlled court Chief Justice John Marshall – Supreme Court upheld federal authority

MARBURY vs. MADISON (1803) UPHELD POWER of JUDICIAL REVIEW Created a lasting balance among 3 branches Supreme Court decided Congress passed invalid Judiciary Act – it gave new power to Supreme Court – Constitution not allow that! 1st time Congress law found unConstitutional “If the Constitution is to be supreme law of land, then any law contrary to Constitution is not law!”