Open House, Seattle May 19, 2003 Bob Heile Chairman, Zigbee Alliance Hosted by Corporation Wireless control that simply works

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 2 Today’s Agenda The ZigBee Alliance would like to thank for sponsoring the Open House.

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 3 Today’s Agenda (2)

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 4 The Wireless Market SHORT LONGLOW HIGH TEXT INTERNET/AUDIO COMPRESSED VIDEO MULTI-CHANNEL DIGITAL VIDEO Bluetooth1 Bluetooth 2 ZigBee b a/HL2 & g /WIMEDIA

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 5 What is the ZigBee Alliance? An Organization with a mission to define reliable, cost-effective, low-power, wirelessly networked, monitoring and control products based on an open global standard Primary drivers are simplicity, long battery life, networking capabilities, reliability, and low cost Alliance provides interoperability, certification testing, and branding

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 6 Applications ZigBee Wireless Control that Simply Works RESIDENTIAL/ LIGHT COMMERCIAL CONTROL CONSUMER ELECTRONICS TV VCR DVD/CD remote security HVAC lighting control access control lawn & garden irrigation PC & PERIPHERALS INDUSTRIAL CONTROL asset mgt process control environmental energy mgt PERSONAL HEALTH CARE BUILDING AUTOMATION security HVAC AMR lighting control access control mouse keyboard joystick patient monitoring fitness monitoring

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 7 Who is supporting the ZigBee Alliance? Seven promoter companies –Ember, Honeywell, Invensys, Mitsubishi, Motorola, Philips and Samsung A rapidly growing list (now over 70 participants) of industry leaders worldwide committed to providing ZigBee-compliant products and solutions –Companies include semiconductor manufacturers, wireless IP providers, OEMs, and end users

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 8 How is ZigBee related to IEEE ? ZigBee takes full advantage of a powerful physical radio specified by IEEE ZigBee adds logical network, security and application software ZigBee continues to work closely with the IEEE to ensure an integrated and complete solution for the market

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 9 Why do we need ZigBee technology? ONLY standards-based technology that –Addresses the unique needs of most remote monitoring and control network applications –Enables the broad-based deployment of wireless networks with low cost, low power solutions –Provides the ability to run for years on inexpensive primary batteries for a typical monitoring application –Capable of inexpensively supporting robust mesh networking technologies

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 10 Protocol Stack Features 8-bit microcontroller (e.g. 80c51) Full protocol stack < 32 k Supports Simple node- only stack Coordinators require extra RAM –Node device database –Transaction table –Pairing table PHY LAYER MAC LAYER NETWORK/SECURTIY LAYERS APPLICATION FRAMEWORK APPLICATION/PROFILES IEEE ZigBee Alliance Platform Application ZigBee Platform Stack Silicon ZigBee or OEM

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 11 Frequencies and Data Rates BAND COVERAGE DATA RATE # OF CHANNEL(S) 2.4 GHz ISM Worldwide 250 kbps MHzEurope 20 kbps MHz ISM Americas 40 kbps 10

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc ,536 network (client) nodes 1 fully functional network coordinator (master) Optimized for timing-critical applications –New slave enumeration: 30 ms (typ) –Sleeping slave changing to active: 15 ms (typ) –Active slave channel access time: 15 ms (typ) Basic Network Characteristics Network coordinator Full Function node Reduced Function node Communications flow Virtual links

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 13 Topology Models PAN coordinator Full Function Device Reduced Function Device Star Mesh Cluster Tree

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 14 Mesh networks overcome barriers to wireless adoption Barrier #1: reliability People can move when wireless reception is poor; machines typically cannot Humans tolerate garbled communication; machines do not Barrier #2: wireless expertise Customers (and some installers) do not want to become wireless experts Want “wireless control that simply works”

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 15 Why ZigBee? Reliable and self healing Supports large number of nodes Easy to deploy Very long battery life Secure Low cost Can be used globally

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 16 Advantages of ZigBee over proprietary solutions? Product interoperability Vendor independence Increased product innovation as a result of industry standardization A common platform is more cost effective than creating a new proprietary solution from scratch every time Companies can focus their energies on finding and serving customers

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 17 Working Groups Marketing (Venkat Bahl) Architecture (Don Sturek) Network (Monique Bourgeois) Security (Larry Puhl) Qualification (Jon Adams) Application Framework (Phil Jamieson) Gateway Working Group (Pat Kinney)

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 18 Organization Structure Technical Steering Committee Chair: Bob Heile Technical Steering Committee Chair: Bob Heile Program Management Office Jose Gutierrez Program Management Office Jose Gutierrez Architecture Working Group Chair: Don Sturek Project Manager: Architecture Working Group Chair: Don Sturek Project Manager: Network Layer Working Group Chair: Monique Bourgeois Vice Chair: Myung Lee Network Layer Working Group Chair: Monique Bourgeois Vice Chair: Myung Lee Security Working Group Chair: Larry Puhl Vice Chair: Security Working Group Chair: Larry Puhl Vice Chair: Qualification Working Group Chair: Jon Adams Vice Chair: Bhupender Virk Qualification Working Group Chair: Jon Adams Vice Chair: Bhupender Virk Application Framework Working Group Chair: Phil Jamieson Vice Chair/ PM: Bernd Grohmann Application Framework Working Group Chair: Phil Jamieson Vice Chair/ PM: Bernd Grohmann Profile Task Groups Marketing Working Group Chair: Venkat Bahl Vice Chair: Ernie Hartland Marketing Working Group Chair: Venkat Bahl Vice Chair: Ernie Hartland Gateway Working Group Chair: Pat Kinney Vice Chair: Gateway Working Group Chair: Pat Kinney Vice Chair:

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 19 Benefits of Membership If your company is planning to produce a low-power wireless product or service, you can’t afford not to join! –ZigBee Alliance membership allows you and your company to influence the direction of standards development and to promote the wireless industry. –You get early access to the specifications and to other companies with complementary skills and capabilities –You get the invaluable opportunity to test new products and services with other industry companies –You get the ability to capitalize on the ZigBee brand and promotional activities

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 20 Benefits of Membership –Membership allows you and your company to learn early on about the latest products and services being developed and tested in the industry. –Membership assists you and your company with networking opportunities among other member companies and industry standards bodies. –Membership also allows for participation in ZigBee Alliance–sponsored events that address factors that are critical to the development and adoption of the industry. But wait, there’s more--

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 21 Member Growth & Geographical Distribution RegionDec. 2002Dec. 2003May 2004 Asia/Pacific3 (8%)12 (19%)14 (19%) Europe/Middle East9 (25%)14 (22%)18 (25%) North/South America24 (67%)37 (59%)41 (56%) Total Member Companies

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 22 ZigBee Champions OEM Pat Gonia – Honeywell Ernie Hartland – Leviton Silicon Tim Kubitschek – Atmel Bill Craig – ZMD Software / IP Bhupender Virk – CompXs John Morris - Figure 8 Wireless VC / Analyst Deepak Kamlani – Global Inventures ZigBee Membership / General Bill Chase – Global Inventures

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 23 More Information ZigBee Alliance web site IEEE web site Bob Heile, Chair

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 24 More Information ZigBee Alliance web site IEEE web site Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 25 State of the Alliance ONE YEAR AGO… –Berlin, Germany meeting –2nd Open House – hosted by Nanotron –5 Promoters, 45 ZigBee Participant Member Companies TODAY… –Open House #3– Hosted by Ember Over 200 Registered, 12 company demos, ZigBee stacks and silicon available –7 Promoters, 66 Participant Member Companies

ZigBee and Bluetooth Competitive or Complementary?

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 27 Bluetooth is a cable replacement for items like Phones, Laptop Computers, Headsets Bluetooth expects regular charging –Target is to use <10% of host power ZigBee and Bluetooth Address Different Needs

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 28 ZigBee is better for devices Where the battery is ‘rarely’ replaced –Targets are : Devices where only a tiny fraction of host power is available New opportunities where wireless not yet used ZigBee and Bluetooth Address Different Needs

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 29 ZigBee and Bluetooth ZigBee –Smaller packets over large network –Mostly Static networks with many, infrequently used devices –Rapid Network Join Bluetooth –Larger packets over small network –Ad-hoc networks –Long Network Join Times Optimized for different applications

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 30 Bluetooth: Network join time = >3s Sleeping slave changing to active = 3s typically Active slave channel access time = 2ms typically Timing Considerations ZigBee protocol is optimized for timing critical applications ZigBee and Bluetooth ZigBee: Network join time = 30ms typically Sleeping slave changing to active = 15ms typically Active slave channel access time = 15ms typically

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 31 ZigBee and Bluetooth AIR INTERFACE FHSS DSSS PROTOCOL STACK 250 kb 28 kb BATTERY rechargeablenon-rechargeable DEVICES/NETWORK 82^16 LINK RATE 1 Mbps250 kbps RANGE ~ 10 meters ~70 meters Comparison Overview Bluetooth ZigBee (w/o power amp)

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 32 A Light Switch Example Wireless Light switch – –Easy for Builders to Install A Bluetooth Implementation would either : – keep a counter running so that it could predict which hop frequency the light would have reached or –use the inquiry procedure to find the light each time the switch was operated. Battery Life & Latency in a Light Switch

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 33 Light switch using Bluetooth Option 1: use counter to predict hop frequency reached by light –The two devices must stay within 60 us (~1/10 of a hop) –With 30ppm crystals, devices need to communicate once a second to track each other's clocks. –Assume this could be improved by a factor of 100 then devices would need to communicate once every 100 seconds to maintain synchronization. –=> 900 communications / day with no information transfer + perhaps 4 communications on demand –99.5% Battery Power wasted

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 34 Light switch using Bluetooth Option 2: Inquiry procedure to locate light each time switch is operated –Bluetooth 1.1 = up to 10 seconds typical –Bluetooth 1.2 = several seconds even if optimized –Unacceptable latency

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 35 Light switch using ZigBee With DSSS interface, only need to perform CSMA before transmitting –Less than 15ms of latency –Highly efficient use of battery power ZigBee offers longer battery life and lower latency than a Bluetooth equivalent.

Month Year Copyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc. 36 ZigBee and Bluetooth-- Conclusion Protocols are substantially different and designed for different purposes ZigBee designed for low to very low duty cycle static and dynamic environments with many active nodes Bluetooth designed for high QoS, variety of duty cycles, moderate data rates in networks with limited active nodes