Chapter 1 BOT3015L Plant Biology Laboratory Presentation created by Danielle Sherdan and edited by Jean Burns-Moriuchi and William Outlaw All photos from Raven et al. Biology of Plants except when otherwise noted

Scientifically supported relationships between the major groups of organisms Tree of life project read more at "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree... As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these if vigorous, branch out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications." Charles Darwin, 1859 Obscure root of the tree of life Nucleate cells Plants Animals Insects and Arthropods Vertebrates Fungi Prokaryotes (no photo) Notice also that there are branches that connect to other branches to represent endosymbiosis

Today Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance Crop investigations Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance Crop investigations

Chapter 2 Characteristics of plant cells and plant-cell division From Collin County Community College District BioLab Elodea leaf Cellulosic cell walls Plastids such as chloroplasts for oxygenic photosynthesis Large vacuoles

Chapter 3 Flowering plants From Outlaw lecture Evolution and function of floral parts and pollination

Chapter 4 Seed and fruit dispersal Dandelions disperse by wind Coconuts disperse by water

Chapter 5 Effects of plant hormones on plant growth Control, a dwarf plant A dwarf plant treated with gibberellin, a plant hormone

Chapter 6 Germination Primary Growth Maize seed consists of seed coat containing the embryo and nutritive tissue Germinating maize seed

Chapter 7 Experimenting with Guard cells Guard cells and stomata in the epidermis of Vicia faba Stomata open Stomata closed Photos from Outlaw’s lab and also featured on the cover of the scientific journal Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2002

Chapter 8 Data Analysis BOT3015L student work

Chapter 9 Mycorrhizae Pine tree seedlings With fungiWithout fungi

Chapter 10 Protists Colonial green algae Red algae

Chapter 11 Fungi Lichens are symbiotic relationships between fungi and green algae and/or cyanobacteria Morel, one of many edible fungi

Chapter 12 Non-flowering plants gymnosperms bryophytes ferns Marchantia sp. liverwort Matteuccia sp. Pinus sp.

Today Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance Crop investigations

Class Policy Prerequisites Insurance Required materials Attendance ADA Statement Academic Honor Policy Performance and Participation Safety Grading Lab notebook Pencil Textbook Lab manual 1.Plagiarism 2.Cheating 3.Unauthorized group work 4.Fabrication 5.Falsification 6.Misrepresentation 7.Resubmission Prior to each class: Read the lab materials Drawing list Review questions Protocols Attendance and statement of understanding class policy

Today Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance Crop investigations

Scientific Skills Keen observations are recorded The specimen What are your observations? How would you best record observations about this specimen? From Collin County Community College District BioLab

Example drawing Example drawing of a similar specimen How does the drawing represent the specimen well? How could the drawing better represent the specimen? Record your observations accurately and thoroughly From Collin County Community College District BioLab Student work, BOT3015 Record interpretations with drawings that emphasize important aspects

Observing specimens If your specimen has several cell types, draw a few cells of each type exactly as they appear and emphasize important information (e.g. cell-type distribution, patterns, cell variation, sections) with diagrammatic sketches and descriptions.

Notebook (left / right) Left (thinking) Right (lab work) Observations Solution preparation Methods Data collected during experiment Interpretations Conclusions Graphs Ideas for future experiments Answers to review questions and objectives Leave space in front for table of contents ****************************** 13 June 2005 Treatment of Brassica rapa plants with GA Time:10:05 am _√__Measure plant heights 1. _20_ mm 2. _40_ mm _√_Apply 20 µ l 100 µ M GA to 1 st leaf of plants 1, 2 and 3. ___Apply 20 µ l 10 µ M GA to 1 st leaf of plants 4, 5 and 6. ____ ……..etc. …….

Scientific Skills Keen observations are recorded Problem-solving skills Good organizational skills

Today Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance –Effects of agriculture on animals –Effects of agriculture on plants Crop investigations

Agriculture, the primary means of procuring food since ~10,000 years ago (less than 1% of human existence)

Human Population

Maize Called “Indian corn” to distinguish it from other Old World Grains, but in American English, the name has been shortened to simply “corn.” From Outlaw’s garden, BOT3015 lecture

Teosinte and Maize

Effects of selection on morphology Brassica oleracea Publix Greenwise Aug. 2005

Crops of the Americas U.S. postal stamps

Today Day-by-day syllabus review Class policy Science and maintaining a lab notebook Plants are our sustenance Crop investigations –Choose a crop –Research via text and computer –Presentations

World of Domesticated Crops