Improved and Standard User Interface for Power Management Bruce Nordman Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory May, 2000 sponsor: California Energy Commission

Power Management Controls and Indicators Overview Energy Implications Facts and Assumptions Non-Office Eqt. Controls Office Equipment Controls Project Elements

Power Management Controls and Indicators Office Equipment Energy Use Annual Electricity (TWh/year) No Power Management Now (E NERGY S TAR ) Potential (100% Enabling)

Power Management Controls and Indicators Energy Savings TWh/year $billion/year Existing Potential Current Power Mgmt. Enabling Rates: PCs: 25% Monitors: 60% Printers: 80%Copiers: 70%

Power Management Controls and Indicators Facts PC power management enabling rates are low; other devices could be higher PM Controls and Indicators are inconsistent and often confusing or ambiguous Potential PC PM savings are increasing

Power Management Controls and Indicators Assumptions More understanding of existence and operation of power management will lead to it being used better and more often. Improved and Standard User Interface elements will improve understanding. Existence of Standard and advocates for it will lead to adoption of it for new products.

Power Management Controls and Indicators Our Project Goal: Save extra energy by getting more use out of already existing power management capability in office equipment. Means: Over a few years achieve a broad similarity of user experience of power management across all office equipment. Do this via a voluntary standard.

Power Management Controls and Indicators Standard Controls

Power Management Controls and Indicators Cars: Gearshifts

Power Management Controls and Indicators Phones: Number Layout

Power Management Controls and Indicators Traffic Signs, Indicators

Power Management Controls and Indicators Standard International Symbols for Electronics

Power Management Controls and Indicators Non-standard Controls: Blenders

Power Management Controls and Indicators Non-Standard Controls Cell Phones

Power Management Controls and Indicators Office Equipment Power Management Terms On, Ready, Active, Idle, Standby*, Doze, Suspend, Sleep, Deep Sleep, Low-Power, Energy-Saver, Power-Saver, Hibernate, Energy Star Mode, Weekly Timer, Delay Timer, Idle Timer, Activity, Inactivity, Auto-off, Soft-off, Off.

Power Management Controls and Indicators Office Equipment: What Works

Power Management Controls and Indicators Suspend mode is known as standby mode under the Microsoft Windows 98 operating system. For systems with ACPI compliance, suspend mode is known as sleep mode” (Dell) stand-by mode” — Fully ready to copy but not copying. (ASTM Copier Test Procedure) “Stand-By — … an optional operating state of minimal power reduction …” (VESA Standard) “Standby power — The lowest power mode in which the appliance is plugged in …” (LBNL-Leaking/Standby Electricity) “Standby is … the lowest power state where the system is responsive to interrupts …” (PowerPC Reference Platform) "Suspend is currently ignored under Windows 95/98 and Windows 2000 because the terminology is ill-defined. “ (Microsoft) There is no distinction between Suspend and Standby in OnNow as there was previously under APM definitions" (Microsoft) Office Equipment: The “Standby” Problem

Power Management Controls and Indicators What Doesn’t Work: PC Indicators Sleep mode Awake

Power Management Controls and Indicators PM-Relevant IEC Symbols Save; economize Stand-by Note: The percentage of economizing may be indicated in the figure.

Power Management Controls and Indicators Standard PM Interface Elements Terms Symbols/Icons Indicators Operating Metaphors

Power Management Controls and Indicators Project Elements Scope: Office Equipment -> All Electronics Initial Phase: Device Review / Inventory of Existing Interface Elements Institutional Review Literature Review Field Research Summary Reports Later Phases: Draft Standard Industry Review / Field Research Revised Standard Implementation

Power Management Controls and Indicators Next Steps / Needs You provide: Industry / Organization Contacts Advice, Guidance Review of Results We do: Initial Research — Results to be Published on Web Scope out full project plan

Power Management Controls and Indicators Cell Phones