Tennessee SPI Objective: Identify the basic properties of acids and bases. Check for Understanding Determine whether a substance is an acid or a base by its reaction to an indicator. Essential Question(s) What are the basic properties of acids and bases? How can I use indicators to determine if a substance is an acid or a base? Notes SPI Acids and Bases Instructions 1) First click on "View" from the top-menu bar. 2) Then click on "Slide Show" from the drop-down menu. 3) Then use the right-arrow button on your keyboard to advance through this presentation. Acids

Acid Properties  An acid is any compound that increases the number of positive hydronium ions when dissolved in water.  Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a result of citric acid.  Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids  Acids conduct electricity and are used in batteries Notes SPI Acids and Bases Acids

 Acids Change Colors in Indicators Acids Notes SPI Acids and Bases Examples of indicators: litmus paper, phenolphthalein, cabbage juice, and/or bromthymol blue  see following images When acid is added, the color changes to yellow. This flask contains water and an indicator called bromthymol blue.

Notes SPI Acids and Bases Acids  Litmus paper- is a common acid/base indicator  blue litmus paper turns red in acids

Fill in the blanks using the following words… red, hydronium, acids, compound, sour,  An acid is any __________that increases the number of _____________ions.  Acids have a ______ flavor.  _________ neutralize bases.  Blue litmus paper turns ______ in acids. compound Review Questions hydronium sour Acids red SPI Acids and Bases Acids

Acid Properties-Continued Acids react with some metals Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen gas. Acids conduct electric current Example: found in flashlight batteries and/or car batteries Example: hydrochloric acid with zinc metal Notes SPI Acids and Bases Acids

Fill in the blanks using the following words ions, electricity, metals  Acids react with some ________.  _____ are formed during chemical reactions when electrons are lost or gained  Acids conduct _________. Review Questions metals ions electricity BONUS QUESTION How is an ion different from an atom? SPI Acids and Bases  Ions are positive or negative, but atoms have no charge. Acids  Otherwise, atoms and ions look nearly identical

Acids  pH scale: a way to determine the level of acidity or basicity of a substance. (tells you how strong or weak acids and bases are)  Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale  7 is neutral (pure water is 7) 8 Acids are 0 to 6.9 Notes SPI Acids and Bases The pH scale (pH=power or potential of hydrogen)

Acids  Again…acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale  The lower the number…the stronger the acid  In other words, an acid with a pH of 1 is stronger than an acid with a pH of 5 9 pH 1 is stronger than pH 5 Notes SPI Acids and Bases More About the pH scale

 Reminder: The pH scale can be displayed different ways.  Yet the ranges for acids and bases stays the same (0 to 6.9 for acids, 7.1 to 14 for bases) 10 pH Scale Acids Notes SPI Acids and Bases

Fill in the blanks using the following words 0 to 6.9, True, seven, vinegar, pH scale  A __________ tells you how strong or weak an acid or base is.  On a pH scale, the range for acids is _______.  A neutral substance like pure water has a pH of ______?  (True or False): An acid with a pH of 2 is stronger than an acid with a pH of 4. ___________.  Which substance has greater acidity, pure water or vinegar? __________. Review Questions seven 0 to 6.9 pH scale True vinegar SPI Acids and Bases Acids

F.Y.I.---How are acids used?  Sulfuric acid is (most common) used to make paper, paint, detergents, fertilizers and many other products like batteries  Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers, rubber, and plastics.  Hydrochloric acid is used to separate metal from their ores. It is also used in swimming pools and in your stomach.  Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice, grapefruit juice, and tomatoes.  Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid are in soft drinks. Notes SPI Acids and Bases Acids

Link 01:Universal IndicatorUniversal Indicator Link 02:Coke can in acidCoke can in acid Link 03:Cheeseburger in Hydrochloric AcidCheeseburger in Hydrochloric Acid Video Links SPI Acids and Bases Science