Ch. 12.1 Notes---Ionic Bonding & Ionic Compounds Ionic Bonds Form when ___________ transfer their _____________ electrons to a _______________. The forces of attraction between the ____________ (+) and the _____________ (-) bind the compound together. How to Represent an Ionic Bond Quantum Mechanics (electron configurations): Na 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Cl 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 metals valence nonmetal cation anion Na… ___ 3s ↑ Cl… ___ ___ ___ ___ 3s 3p ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↓

How to Represent an Ionic Bond 2) Bohr Model

How to Represent an Ionic Bond 3) Electron Dot Notations: Na + Cl  [ ] [ ] Practice Problems: (1) Draw the electron dot notation for the formation of an ionic compound between sodium and oxygen. (2) Draw the electron configuration notation for the formation of an ionic compound between magnesium and fluorine. Na+1 Cl -1

Valence Electrons On The Periodic Table 1 8 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sucktastic! Assume 2

Charges On The Periodic Table +1 +2 +3 +/-4 -3 -2 -1 Sucktastic!

Sodium + Chloride

S [ S -2] K [K+1] Practice Problems: 3) a) Draw the electron dot notation for a potassium atom. b) Draw the electron dot notation for a potassium ion. (4) a) Draw the electron dot notation for a sulfur atom. b) Draw the electron dot notation for a sulfur ion. K [K+1] S [ S -2]

Properties of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Molecules _______________ of electricity when dissolved water or melted. formed between __________ and _________________ have _________ melting points usually ________ soluble in water form ___________________ solids Conductors metals nonmetals high (dissolved salt) very crystalline

Crystalline Patterns

Quartz Quartz is the common mineral form of silicon dioxide (SiO2). It is the dominant mineral in most sands and sandstones.

Pyrite mineral form of the iron disulfide (FeS2) with a gold-like appearance, making it also known as "fool's gold"

Gypsum Gypsum is a very soft mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O.

Properties of Ionic Compounds and Covalent Molecules Molecular: ________________ of electricity always formed between two _______________ usually have ________ melting points solubility in water _______: (polar =dissolve; nonpolar = insoluble) For a compound to to conduct electricity it must have: (1) Charged Particles (_________) (2) Particles Free to Move (___________ or __________ phase) Insulators nonmetals low varies ions liquid aqueous

Demonstration PureH2O great conductor good conductor poor conductor nonconductor

Ch. 6 Notes---Chemical Names & Formulas Ionic Compounds (“________”): Name or formula starts with a _________ (or NH4 +, ammonium). Other quick ways to tell if the compound is ionic: formula uses parentheses Example: ________________ formula contains more than 2 elements (capital letters)‏ name uses Roman numerals name ends in “-ate” or “ite”. Example: _________________ salts metal Ca(OH)2 FeCrO4 lead(II) chloride barium sulfate

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds Step 1-- use your ion sheet and find the ions and their charges. Step 2-- “Cross the charges” if they don’t balance out. Step 3-- Use parentheses around polyatomic ion “chunks”. Practice Problems: Write the formula for each ionic compound. copper(II) bromide ____________________ aluminum nitrite _________________________ barium hydrogen carbonate ___________________________ Cu+2 Br -1 CuBr2 …(don’t show 1’s)‏ = Al+3 NO2 -1 Al(NO2)3 = Ba+2 HCO3-1 Ba(HCO3)2 =

Naming Ionic Compounds Just use your ion sheet and find the names of the ions. cation name anion name Practice Problems: Name the following ionic compounds. NaC2H3O2 b) (NH4)2CO3 c) NaCl d) CaO ammonium carbonate sodium chloride calcium oxide sodium acetate