U.S. History 2 Chapter 15
Why did the U.S. ignore Hitler as he rose to power? We had our own problems to worry about
What was FDR’s “Good Neighbor Policy”? We would not interfere with other nations
Who was Benito Mussolini? Leader of Italy What was his nickname? Il Duce
What did he promise? Rebuild the shattered economy Make Italy more powerful again
What is a Fascist? Nation and race are more important than the individual
What is Totalitarian? Dictator – completely controlling all aspects of life
What country did Italy invade and when? Ethiopia October 1935
How would the Nazis make Germany strong? Eliminating the differences between rich and poor VS
What is an Aryan? Race of people with blond hair and blue eyes Men over 6 feet tall
Who did Hitler blame for Germany’s problems? Jews
What does Fuhrer mean? Supreme leader When did Hitler become Fuhrer? 1934
Who were the Axis Powers? When were they formed? Germany and Italy 1936
When did Hitler make Austria part of Germany? March 1938
What was the Sudetenland? A German populated area of Czechoslovakia
What is appeasement? Giving into someone’s demands
Why did England and France appease Germany? To avoid war
When did WWII begin? September 1, 1939
Over what area of land did the war begin? Poland
What does Luftwaffe mean? Air force
What does Blitzkrieg mean? Lightning war
Why did the Japanese want to expand their borders? Natural resources and they needed more room
Why did Japan want Manchuria? Because of their resources
When did Japan invade Manchuria? September 1931
What was Chiang Kai-shek? Leader of China
Why were Americans alarmed by the invasion of China? We wouldn’t be able to trade there
What were the Neutrality Acts? Laws to keep U.S. out of war
US History 2 Chapter 15 Section 2
What was the Maginot Line? System of heavily armed steel and concrete bunkers built after WWI France’s first line of defense against Germany
When did France surrender to Germany? June 22, 1940
When did Germany start its invasion of Britain? Summer of 1940
What was the Blitz? Bombing of Britain
What does intervention mean? Interfering with the affairs of other nations
What does Isolationism mean? Stay out of other’s affairs – not getting involved
What was America First? Isolationism – people who wanted to stay out of the war
What did they want? To stay out of Europe’s business
What was the Selective Training and Service Act? First peace time draft
When was F.D.R. elected to a third terFDRm? 1940
What was the Len-Lease Act? The U.S. would give arms to our allies
What actions did the U.S. take against Japan? Cut off supplies and ended trade
U.S. History 2 Chapter 15 Section 3
When did the attack on Pearl Harbor take place? December 7, 1941
When did the U.S. declare war on Japan? December 8, 1941
What are Nisei? Japanese American units
What was D-Day? Invasion of Europe by Allies U.S. Canada Great Britain Australia France
Where did it take place? Normandy France
What was its code name? Operation Overlord
What was the Battle of the Bulge? Final German offensive of the war
When did it take place? December 1944
What was the Holocaust? Mass murder (extermination) of the Jews in Europe
Additional facts: Concentration camps – more efficient killing In concentration camps – 200 calories a day with no fresh fruit, vegetables, fish, or milk Nazi mobile killing unit – murdered Jews behind the lines 34,000 people killed in 2 days Warsaw Ghetto – built walls so Jews couldn’t escape
When did FDR die? April 12, 1945
Who became President? Harry Truman
When did Hitler die? April 30, 1945
When did Germany surrender? May 7, 1945 unconditional
When did the Battle of Guadalcanal take place? August 7, 1942 First territory that Japan lost
How long did it last? 6 months Cool note: Navaho code (language) was used
When was the Atomic Bomb dropped? August 6, 1945
What was its name? Little Boy
What two places were bombed by atomic weapons? Hiroshima Nagasaki
Why were they used? To end the war quickly and save American lives
Why was WWII so devastating? New weapons used Civilians targeted