Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.1 MARKETING RESEARCH MARK 401 Qualitative research:

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Qualitative Techniques in Marketing Research
Advertisements

Exploratory Research and Qualitative Analysis
Conducting Focus groups ACE seminar teaching session By Susan Mlangwa.
Qualitative and Observational Research
Learning Objectives 1 Copyright © 2002 South-Western/Thomson Learning Qualitative Research CHAPTER five.
Research Methods Lab In-Depth Interviews. Why Interviews? A major advantage of the interview is its adaptability A skillful interviewer can follow up.
MS3307 Methods. There are four essential activities Project stageDescription Requirements gatheringUnderstanding and specifying the context of use Requirements.
Marketing Research Exploratory Research and Qualitative Analysis Dr. Zafer Erdogan.
Observation, Focus Groups, and Other Qualitative Measures
Qualitative Research Qualitative research involves collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data that cannot be meaningfully quantified, that is, summarized.
Agenda Exploratory Research –Qualitative vs quantitative –Projective techniques –Focus groups.
Types of interview used in research
Qualitative Research MKTG 3342 Fall 2008 Professor Edward Fox.
Slide 10.1 Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, Research Methods for Business Students, 5 th Edition, © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill 2009.
Primary data Collection: Using semi-structured, in-depth and group interviews Lecture 18 th.
Qualitative research: in-depth interviewing and projective techniques
Qualitative Research Methodologies Keys to Exploratory Research.
Designing 1-1 Interviews and Focus Groups Desmond Thomas, University of Essex.
Week 8: Research Methods: Qualitative Research 1.
Chapter SixChapter Six. Figure 6.1 Relationship of Qualitative Research to the Previous Chapters and the Marketing Research Process Focus of This Chapter.
Qualitative Assessment Methods Session 1.3 Qualitative Approaches for FS Assessments.
Chapter SixChapter Six. Chapter SixChapter Six Lecture plan Primary Data: Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research A Classification of Qualitative Research.
© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc publishing as Prentice Hall 6-1 Chapter Six Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research.
Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 2.1 Near East University MARKETING RESEARCH MARK.
Data Collection Methods
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Projective Techniques and Focus Groups MAR 6648: Marketing Research January 18, 2010.
Chapter Seven Information Collection: Qualitative and Observational Methods.
Chapter Four Qualitative Research
Chapter Six Chapter Six.
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH INITIAL RESEARCH CONDUCTED TO CLARIFY AND DEFINE THE NATURE OF A PROBLEM DOES NOT PROVIDE CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE SUBSEQUENT RESEARCH.
Qualitative Research 2 Dr Shona Bettany.
Marketing Research Aaker, Kumar, Day Seventh Edition Instructor’s Presentation Slides.
Copyright © 2008 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS Chapter 5 Part 2 Designing Research Studies.
Introduction to Marketing Bangor Transfer Abroad Programme MARKETINGRESEARCH.
Naresh Malhotra, David Birks and Peter Wills, Marketing Research, 4th Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2012 Slide 6.1 Chapter 6 Exploratory Research.
Slides to accompany Weathington, Cunningham & Pittenger (2010), Chapter 17: Qualitative and Mixed-Method Research 1.
Facilitating Multi Stakeholder Processes and Social Learning Herman Brouwer / Karèn Verhoosel Centre for Development Innovation Semi structured.
PGDM Bangor Transfer Abroad Programme Consumer Behaviour Bangor Transfer Abroad Programme Qualitative Techniques in Consumer Research.
Market research for a start-up. LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of this lesson I will be able to: –Define and explain market research –Distinguish between.
Learning Objective Chapter 5 Qualitative Research CHAPTER five Qualitative Research Copyright © 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application, 9 th edition. Gay, Mills, & Airasian © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Strategic Research. 6-2 Chapter Outline I.Chapter Key Points II.Research: The Quest for Intelligence and Insight III.The Uses of Research IV.Research.
Step 5 Training Session: Interview Techniques. Questions Generate useful information Generate useful information Focus on reasons or motives Focus on.
Marketing Research Approaches. Research Approaches Observational Research Ethnographic Research Survey Research Experimental Research.
Gathering Information Enables You To: 1. Reduce risk 2. Determine consumer attitudes 3. Monitor the environment 4. Coordinate strategy 5. Measure performance.
Interviews By Mr Daniel Hansson.
Strategic Research. Holiday Inn Express Stays Smart What research results led to an upgrade of all Holiday Inn Express bathrooms? How did their agency,
Qualitative Research. Researcher makes elaborate interpretations of market phenomena without depending on numerical measurements. –Researcher dependent.
Marketing Research Aaker, Kumar, Day and Leone Ninth Edition Instructor’s Presentation Slides.
Qualitative Research Chapter Four. Chapter Four Objectives Define qualitative research Explore the popularity of qualitative research Understand the limitations.
Fashion MARKETING TID1131. Types of research Quantitative research Information relating to numbers – quantity. Method - surveys Qualitative research To.
Strategic Research Part 2: Planning and Strategy Chapter 6.
Qualitative Research Ch 5. Rationale for using Qualitative Research  It is not always possible, or desirable, to use fully structured or formal methods.
Slide 7.1 Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, Research Methods for Business Students, 5 th Edition, © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill 2009.
Week 2: Interviews. Definition and Types  What is an interview? Conversation with a purpose  Types of interviews 1. Unstructured 2. Structured 3. Focus.
HIV CAPACITY BUILDING WORKSHOP 6-8 th September. » The focus group operates on the assumption that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. » In.
An introduction to Research Methods
CHAPTER 8 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH.
SP_ IRS : Research in Inclusive and Special Education
Exploratory Research: Qualitative Research
Aaker, Kumar, Day Ninth Edition Instructor’s Presentation Slides
Chapter Five Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research.
Qualitative Techniques in Consumer Research
Qualitative Techniques in Consumer Research
Qualitative Techniques in Marketing Research
Marketing Research: Course 2
Marketing Research:Course 3
semi-structured, focus groups and narrative interviews.
Presentation transcript:

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.1 MARKETING RESEARCH MARK 401 Qualitative research: focus group discussions, in-depth interviewing and projective techniques SESSION 6 Near East University Rana SERDAROGLU Source:Malhotra and Birks, et al. Chp 6 Dr. Eric Shiu lecture notes

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.2 Qualitative research: focus group discussions, in-depth interviewing and projective techniques The best moderators of focus groups are those that create a spirit of spontaneity and a passion for the issues under discussion. Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.2

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.3 Chapter outline 1.Classifying qualitative research techniques 2.Focus group discussions 3.Planning and conducting focus groups 4.Other variations of focus groups 5.Other types of qualitative group discussions 6.Misconceptions about focus groups 7.In-depth interviews 8.Comparisons between qualitative techniques

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.4 Figure 7.1 A classification of qualitative research procedures

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.5 Table 7.1 Characteristics of focus groups

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.6 Qualities needed in the focus group moderator Kindness with firmness Permissiveness Involvement Incomplete understanding Encouragement Flexibility Sensitivity Observation

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.7 Figure 7.2 Procedure for planning and conducting focus groups

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.8 How many focus groups should be conducted? Factors to consider: The extent to which comparisons are sought. The different types of participant to be targeted and how well they mix together. The geographic spread of participants. The paradigm that underpins the choice of a focus group. The time and budget available.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.9 Mood board Is a collage created in a focus group setting. Focus group respondents are asked to snip words and pictures from magazines that they see representing the values a particular brand is perceived to have. In some circumstances, collages can also be made up from audio and videotapes.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.10 The mood board has two main functions Reference point. The moderator can use it to reflect upon the discussion, in which case issues can emerge that were not so apparent in the heat of a discussion. Enabling device. Can get participants to loosen up and talk more freely. The focus group is not to get participants to talk rationally but to display what ‘feels right’ to them. It can help to express feelings they may not be able to put into words, or enable those words to have more clarity.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.11 Probing the individual Would you explain further? Can you give me an example of what you mean? Would you say more? Is there anything else? Please describe what you mean? I don’t understand. Tell me more about that. How does that work?

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.12 Probing the whole group Who else has something? What about the rest of you? I see people nodding their heads; tell me about it. We want to hear all the different points of view. Who else has something that might be a bit different?

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.13 Advantages of focus groups Synergy Snowballing Stimulation Security Spontaneity Serendipity Specialisation Scientific scrutiny Structure Speed

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.14 Disadvantages of focus groups Misjudgement Moderation Messiness Misrepresentation Meeting

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.15 Misconceptions of focus groups Economical – they are low-cost and quick. Experts – they require professional moderators. Easily upset – they do not work for sensitive topics. Endorsement – they must be validated by other research methods. Exposure – they reveal how consumers will behave.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.16 Key benefits of running online focus groups include More potential participants can be recruited through the internet, and the growing ease of conducting discussions online. Participants can be made to feel that they have the ability to contribute; confidence can be quickly built up. Conflicts in face-to-face focus groups from participants taking a dislike to other participants can be avoided. A great breadth of information may be collected, through the types and the geographic spread of participants. The practical difficulties of getting individuals together at the same time in the same location can be overcome. The nature of a discussion location that is ‘comfortable’ to the participant overcome by each participant setting the conditions that they feel comfortable in.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.17 Facets of ‘in-depth’ Everyday events Context Multi-faceted Interviewer reflections

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.18 The in-depth interview An unstructured, direct, personal interview in which a single respondent is questioned and probed by an experienced interviewer to uncover underlying motivations, beliefs, attitudes and feelings on a topic. The emphasis should be upon a full interaction to understand the meaning of the participant’s experiences and life worlds.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.19 The interviewer should Develop an empathy with the respondent. Ensure respondent is relaxed and comfortable. Be personable to encourage and motivate. Note issues that interest respondent. Not be happy to accept ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers. Note where probing is necessary.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.20 Advantages and challenges of in-depth interviews Advantages: depth of insight attribute responses no social pressure easier to arrange Challenges: lack of structure length of interview, combined with high costs analysis and interpretation of data

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.21 The in-depth interview helps to overcome Hectic schedules. Heterogeneity. Live context. Interviewer reflection.

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.22 Laddering A technique for conducting in-depth interviews in which a line of questioning proceeds from product characteristics to user characteristics It is made up of a linking or ladder of elements that represent the link between products and the consumer’s perception process. It enables an understanding of how consumers translate product attributes, through personal meanings associated with them

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.23 Laddering questions The interview revolves around three basic questions based on the A – C – V chain. The questions posed would be: Values: How important is this for you? (e.g. health) Consequences: What does this difference mean? (e.g. not fattening) Attributes: What is different about these alternatives? (e.g. low calories)

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.24 Applications of in-depth interviews: Professionals Children Detailed probing Confidential, sensitive, embarrassing topics Avoiding strong social norms Complicated behaviour Competitors Sensory expaeriences

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.25 Table 8.1a A comparison of focus groups, depth interviews, projective techniques and qualitative observation

Naresh Malhotra and David Birks, Marketing Research, 3 rd Edition, © Pearson Education Limited 2007 Slide 7.26 Table 8.1b A comparison of focus groups, depth interviews, projective techniques and qualitative observation