European Imperial Patterns American History. What is Imperialism? Imperial - from “Empire” –A group of countries under a single authority.

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Presentation transcript:

European Imperial Patterns American History

What is Imperialism? Imperial - from “Empire” –A group of countries under a single authority.

Europeans in the New World In early 1600s European countries entered the Western Hemisphere to expand their rule into new territory. Who? –Spanish –French –English –Dutch –Others…

Spanish Where? Central and South America. When? The first! From 1492 through 1700s. Why? Precious metals (gold and silver). How? Tools of subjugation: Disease, technology, and lots of confusion –“Requerimiento”

Spanish in North Americca Not interested in terrritory above Mexico –Exception: De Soto, Coronado –Some settlements in New Mexico, Arizona, California, Texas Permanent outpost at St. Augustine, Florida.

French Started permanent settlements in 1600s. Wanted gold, but settled for fur. Worked with Native Americans as agents. Little conflict with Native Americans –Why? Few settlements. –Most French went to the Caribbean to set up sugar plantations.

French Major explorers: –Champlain Founded series of forts, Quebec City (1608) –Marquette (Jesuit missionary) and Joliet (map maker) Explored Great Lakes and upper Mississippi Quebec, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois

Dutch Explorer Henry Hudson went looking for “Northwest Passage” –Northwest Passage: fast way to Asia going north –Worked for Dutch East India Company (1609) –Explored river in New York…Hudson River.

Dutch New Netherlands colony established by Dutch West India Company in 1620s. Set up Patroon System: land for people who bring over 50 or more families to New Netherlands

Dutch Trade conflicts arose between Dutch and English. –English takeover New Netherlands 1660  –New York and New Jersey.

English 1 st attempt at Roanoke, Virginia (1587) failed. –Why is it called Virginia? Got into colonization after squashing Spanish Armada (1588) In early 1600s, successful. Most colonies were for profit. –Joint stock companies with investors. –Investors wanted to MAKE MONEY! Jamestown (1607) Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)

English King granted charters to colonies: –Proprietary colonies: for profit; individuals get land grants (“Hundreds”); investors own colony. Maryland (163) Pennsylvania (1681) –Royal colonies: crown takes over ownership and control 8 of original 13 were royal. Maryland is founded as proprietary colony.

English Why come to the colonies? –Religious freedom (Massachusetts) –Make their fortunes (Virginia). English – Native Am relationship –Initially, good. –With more and more settlers, it soured. –Disease and war and land claims and pigs! Profitable: tobacco, indigo