From Republic to Empire. City on Seven Hills Latin's Settled along the Tiber River.

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Presentation transcript:

From Republic to Empire

City on Seven Hills Latin's Settled along the Tiber River

Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans

Romans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet

Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet –Arch construction

Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet –Arch construction –Gods and Goddesses

Roman - Latins Romans conquer Romans conquer – 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans Greek City States

Roman - Latins Romans conquer Romans conquer – 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans Greek City States Success due to DiplomacyDiplomacy Roman LegionRoman Legion – 5000 man units –Loyalty, courage, respect for authority

Res Publica - Republic Senate – Senate – most powerful legislators Patricians300 members all Patricians Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)

Senate 300 members all Patricians Landowning upper class Consuls Consuls – elected by Senate Supervise business, government, and armies Res Publica - Republic

Tribunes PlebeiansRepresent the Plebeians Farmers,merchants, and traders VETORight to VETO Res Publica - Republic

Dictator Elected in time of war Res Publica - Republic

Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony

ImperialismRome fought for Empire (Imperialism)

Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism) Carthage fought for self-preservation (They had empire of their own)

Punic War Carthage North Africa Punic War General Hannibal Attacks Rome from North Elephants

General Hannibal Attacks Rome from North Elephants Returns to protect Carthage Defeated on open plains Punic War Carthage North Africa Punic War

Romans Destroyed Carthage. poured salt on all of farm land to never let Carthage return. Roman law let you live… But, if you went against them…

Mare Nostrum “ Our Sea”

Roman Republic Declines

Led army nine years in Gaul Julius Caesar Military General

Led army nine years in Gaul Pompey convinced Senate to call him home Julius Caesar Military General

Led army nine years in Gaul Pompey convinced Senate to call him home He came home – Took over the Senate Julius Caesar Military General

Reorganized a corrupt Senate Allowed more people Citizenship Julius Caesar Military General

Reorganized a corrupt Senate Allowed more people Citizenship Julius Caesar Military General Veni, Vedi, Vici I came, I saw, I conquered Re-established Mediterranean …and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.

Assassinated on Senate Floor Fear of him naming himself Emperor – or Caesar Julius Caesar Military General

Octavian and Mark Antony Octavian Octavian – Caesar’s grandnephew Mark Antony Mark Antony – general joined together to hunt down the murderers

Cleopatra VII After Caesar assassinated Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome

Octavian and Mark Antony Go to War over control of Roman Empire used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s relationship as a political tool

Battle of Actium Octavian defeats Antony takes supreme rule of Rome names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire one of the most influential empires the world has known

Octavian soon becomes Augustus or “Exalted One”

Pax Romana Roman Peace 200 year Period Augustus to Marcus Aurelius

Entertainment –C–Chariot Races –G–Gladiator Contests Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight –E–Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions