High Elevation Auger Telescopes and Tilt Monitoring Nils Scharf 3. Physikalisches Institut A RWTH Aachen University Astroteilchenschule Erlangen

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Outline The Pierre Auger Observatory Physics Motivation High Elevation Auger Telescopes : HEAT Tilt Monitoring Summary and Outlook

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT The Pierre Auger Observatory 24 fluorescence telescopes one of four FD buildings (with 6 telescopes each) Water-Cherenkov detector station > 1600 surface detector stations Amarilla Morados Coihueco Leones Southern site near Malargüe, Argentina 12 tons of water ~30000 events > eV Data taking since 2004/01 Completed 2008 HEAT

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Physics Motivation for the Extension of the Energy Range

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Shower Detection with Baseline Telescopes Shower only reconstructed when shower maximum in field of view Geometric bias for low energy showers

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT High Elevation Auger Telescopes 3 additional telescopes close to existing FD building Field of view from 30° to 60°

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT HEAT Properties Measurement of cosmic rays with energies down to eV Measure composition of cosmic ray primaries Only 3 additional telescopes needed (high statistics at low energies because of steeply falling spectrum) Small distance to existing FD building allows for crosschecks with showers seen in both components

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT HEAT Shelters Maintenance Position

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT HEAT Shelter Data taking position H. Klages

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Tilt Monitoring Inclination of HEAT shelter leads to changes of relative position inside the optics system Do these changes affect shower reconstruction? => Measure distances and inclinations inside HEAT shelter If the changes are larger than design tolerances: modify mechanics If the changes are still too large: Include them in the optic reconstruction

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Hydraulic Design in Aachen Tilt Monitor Design and Test Setup: J. Calvo, Aachen

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Test Setup of Tilt Monitoring System System of 4 distance 4 inclination 3 temperature sensors installed in bay 6 of Los Leones FD building Goal: Measure distances and inclinations with a resolution ten times better than design tolerances of 0.5 mm und 0.1° Diploma Thesis: J. Calvo

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Test Setup J. Calvo

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Example 1: Distance Variations Variation of 0.1 mm for the distance Shutter – Mirror with temperature variation of 2° C Measured variations much smaller than design tolerances of 5 mm J. Calvo

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Example 2: Inclination Variations Measured variations in inclination smaller than 0.05° for temperature differences of 2 °C. Smaller than design tolerance of ± 0.1°. J. Calvo

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Outlook Shower detection with first HEAT telescope by the end of 2008 Measurement of cosmic rays with energies down to eV (spectrum, composition,…) Installation of tilt monitoring system in each HEAT telescope

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT End

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Backup Slides

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT segmented spherical mirror aperture box: shutter UV pass filter safety curtain corrector lens 440 PMT camera 1.5° per pixel

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Expected Energy Range for HEAT HEAT will lower the Energy range of the Pierre Auger Observatory from eV to eV

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Test Setup: Distance Sensors J. Calvo

N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT Test Setup: Inclination Sensors J. Calvo