Iran and Turkey Objective 1: Summarize the geography of these countries. Objective 2: Describe the political geography. Objective 3: Explain important historical events, particularly the Iranian Revolution. Objective 4: Current events

Physical Geography Turkey – located on two continents (which ones?) Bosporus strait (def) splits Turkey Anatolian Plateau and Iranian Plateau Both Iran and Turkey are ringed by mountains

Physical Geography

Climate

Temp. and Rainfall

Land Use and Energy Qanats help to channel water into villages for irrigation. Advantages? Iran has 10% of the worlds natural gas Oil is 85% of Iran’s income.

History In Turkey – persecution of the Armenians from (Armenian Genocide) – 600,000 – 1,500,000 Armenians killed Collapse of Ottoman Empire after WW1 Modernization under Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

History Russia and the U.K. controlled Iran’s oil resources Military coup -1920s leads to Pahlavi taking power. Elected government overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, returned to power with U.S. help in – Shah became an oppressive ruler

Iranian Revolution and Hostage Crisis Shah of Iran was US ally since 1950s – Corrupt – Brutal Secret police- Savak- tortured and executed thousands January Ayatollah Ruhollah Kohmeini returns from exile in Paris- establishes government based strictly on the Qur’an October Shah flees Iran – Goes to the United States for cancer treatment November 4, Iranian students storm US embassy in Tehran- capturing 52 Americans for 444 days Carter severed diplomatic relations and severed trade with Iran Not released until January 20 th 1981

Shah of Iran

Ayatollah Kohmeini

Iranian Revolution