THE NEW FRONTIER CHAPTER 28, SECTION2

MAJOR DATES MAJOR DATES Nov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected President Nov., 1960: John F. Kennedy Elected President April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in space April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin is first human in space May, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in space May, 1961: Alan Shepard is first American in space Feb., 1962: John Glenn is first American to orbit Earth Feb., 1962: John Glenn is first American to orbit Earth Nov. 22, 1963: John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas Nov. 22, 1963: John F. Kennedy assassinated in Dallas July 29, 1969:U.S. astronauts land / walk on Moon July 29, 1969:U.S. astronauts land / walk on Moon

KENNEDY’S IMAGE JFK & family are very popular w/mass media and the public; WHY? JFK & family are very popular w/mass media and the public; WHY? –JFK’s appearance / youthfulness appealed to public –JFK’s public speaking ability –JFK’s sense of humor –JFK’s wife, Jacqueline, encouraged artistic style and decoration in White House –JFK & White House staff used TV to create attractive public image

JKF’s Innauguration 1960 JKF’s Innauguration 1960

JFK, 1963

JAQUELINE BOUVIER KENNEDY

JFK & LBJ in the Oval Office

KENNEDY’S IMAGE KENNEDY’S IMAGE WHY ELSE DID PEOPLE LIKE JFK? WHY ELSE DID PEOPLE LIKE JFK? –JFK’s Administration was filled w/energetic, youthful officials Examples? Robert McNamara, Sec. of Defense Examples? Robert McNamara, Sec. of Defense –JFK’s enthusiasm & pledge to improve the U.S. –“The New Frontier” : Define: JFK’s legislative agenda / program to improve America (see p. 838) Define: JFK’s legislative agenda / program to improve America (see p. 838) What areas of American life did JFK want to improve? What areas of American life did JFK want to improve? –Poverty / Civil Rights –Economy / Unemployment –The Space Race vs. Soviets –Relations w/ foreign nations Results? Results? –N.A.S.A. created –PEACE CORPS created –ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS created –So What? JFK is trying to stimulate major changes in America JFK is trying to stimulate major changes in America

THE SPACE RACE THE SPACE RACE Origin: Origin: –1957: Soviets launch Sputnik I –April, 1961: Yuri Gagarin orbits earth –U.S. fears Soviets will have space weapons capability U.S. response: U.S. response: –N.A.S.A. created ; Define –JFK pledges major resources to NASA –JFK pledges U.S. commitment to Moon landing (The “New Frontier” concept is promoted)

Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, USSR Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, USSR

YURI GAGARIN’s FLIGHT YURI GAGARIN’s FLIGHT

THE SPACE RACE (Cont’d.) THE SPACE RACE (Cont’d.) Results?: –U–U–U–U.S. Gov’t. approves large $ for NASA –C–C–C–Cape Canaveral, FLA launch center built –H–H–H–Houston, TX mission control center built –O–O–O–Other nation-wide facilities built (see graph, p. 840) Final Results? –1–1–1–1961: Alan Shepard reaches space –1–1–1–1962: John Glenn orbits earth –J–J–J–July, 1969: Apollo 11 crew make Moon landing

Astronaut Astronaut Alan Shepard, Alan Shepard, U.S. Navy U.S. Navy

Astronaut John Glenn, U.S.M.C. Astronaut John Glenn, U.S.M.C.

Apollo 11 Launch, July 1969

“That’s One Small “That’s One Small Step for a Man, Step for a Man, One Giant Leap for Mankind.” One Giant Leap for Mankind.” Neil Armstrong, July 20, 1969

Lunar Module Liftoff from Moon

ASSASSINATION ASSASSINATION When? November 22, 1963 When? November 22, 1963 Where? Dallas, TX Where? Dallas, TX Why there? JFK was making trip to build support w/Texas Democrats Why there? JFK was making trip to build support w/Texas Democrats Who killed JFK? Who killed JFK? –Lee Harvey Oswald: Arrested & charged w/assassination –Where? Texas School Book Depository Bldg, Dallas Texas School Book Depository Bldg, Dallas JFK shot in Dealey Plaza JFK shot in Dealey Plaza –Oswald murdered by Jack Ruby, Nov. 24, 1963 Other theories? Other theories? –Mafia –Anti-Castro Cubans –Oswald conspired w/other, unknown persons

JFK in DALLAS, Nov. 22, 1963 JFK in DALLAS, Nov. 22, 1963

DEALEY PLAZA, DALLAS, TX.

JFK AFTER 1 st SHOT JFK AFTER 1 st SHOT

Jackie Kennedy, LBJ, & Lady Bird Johnson on board Air Force One after the assassination

LBJ TAKES PRESIDENTIAL OATH ON BOARD AIR FORCE ONE, NOV. 22, 1964 LBJ TAKES PRESIDENTIAL OATH ON BOARD AIR FORCE ONE, NOV. 22, 1964

LEE HARVEY OSWALD LEE HARVEY OSWALD

JACK RUBY SHOOTS JACK RUBY SHOOTS LEE HARVEY OSWALD, DALLAS, TEXAS

JACK RUBY SHOOTS LEE HARVEY OSWALD, NOV. 24, 1963

THE WARREN COMMISSION What? U.S. Gov’t. committee created to investigate JFK’s murder What? U.S. Gov’t. committee created to investigate JFK’s murder When? When? Who? Led by Chief Justice Earl Warren Who? Led by Chief Justice Earl Warren Decision? Decision? –Oswald was lone assassin –JFK killed by single bullet (The “Magic Bullet” Theory)

THE MAGIC BULLET THEORY THE MAGIC BULLET THEORY