Unit 3 – Lecture 6

Cellular Transport Cellular Transport – the movement of substances across the membranes of the cell. two kinds of cellular transport:

Cellular Transport – cont’d Passive Transport substances move WITH the gradient [from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration] does not require Energy works to reach dynamic equilibrium includes: diffusion osmosis facilitated diffusion w/ protein channels

Cellular Transport – cont’d Active Transport – substances move AGAINST the gradient [from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration] requires Energy works to upset equilibrium

Cellular Transport – cont’d Active Transport – includes: ion protein pumps transport vescicles [endo/exo cytosis] parts of the Electron Transport Chain we will discuss the ETC for the next part of the cells unit ETC makes ATP for the cell

Ion Protein Pumps

Endo- & Exo- cytosis

ATP ATP = Adenosine-Tri-Phosphate the cell’s source of energy adenosine = a nucleotide tri- = three phosphate = a phosphate [phosphorous & oxygen]

ATP – cont’d having 3 phosphates on a molecule makes the ATPs very electronegative like charges repel it will take a lot of energy to make the bond stay [like packing stuff into a closet and having to push hard to keep the door closed].

ATP – cont’d When the bond is broken [ATP  ADP + P], the energy stored in the bond is released and can be used to fuel the cell’s processes. ADP = adenosine DI-phosphate [“di-” = two]

Making ATP ATP is made using the ATP Synthase enzyme that makes ATP from ADP+P “synth” – as in synthesize = to make “ase” = an enzyme