The New Government pages

George Washington leading the troops during the American Revolution

George Washington

Mount Rushmore

George Washington

Washington Monument

George Washington I know…

George Washington I know…I learned…

The New Government Pages Who were the new leaders in the executive branch?  President- George Washington  Vice-president-  Secretary of State-  Secretary of the Treasury-  Secretary of War-  Attorney General-

2. What difference between Jefferson and Hamilton is mentioned? 3. What precedents were established during Washington’s administration? (List 3) 4. What challenges did Washington’s administration face? 5. Which city was the capital during Washington’s first year? To where was it moved for a decade? 6. Where is Washington, D.C. located?

Washington, D.C.

The Problem of Debt pages In 1791, the national debt was about $75 million.  $12 million was owed to France and Holland from the Revolutionary War  $40 million was owed to citizens from the purchase of bonds  $25 million was owed to the states from the war Alexander Hamilton needed a plan

Hamilton’s ideas The national government would assume the debts of the states. (Northern states had a bigger debt, so Southern states did not support the idea. A deal was made to locate the capital in the South.) Congress created a tariff, a tax on imported goods. Congress passed a tax on distilled liquors, the whiskey tax. Congress established a Bank of the United States in 1791.

Rise of Political Parties FederalistsRepublicans

Rise of Political Parties Federalists Hamilton Strong central government Loose constructionists For a national bank Wanted to keep debt to establish credit money=wealth Opposed supporting the French Revolution Republicans Jefferson and Madison Weak central government Strict constructionists Against a national bank Wanted debt paid off land=wealth Wanted to support the French Revolution

Foreign Policy Issues Washington decided to remain neutral in European affairs, including the French Revolution. Britain had been our enemy, but Washington decided to send Jay over to negotiate a treaty. Congress ratified it. The British would leave their forts in the Northwest Territory (OH, MI, IN, IL, WI, MN) Trade was encouraged between the two nations.

Warnings to the country in Washington’s Farewell Address (page 205) 1.Political parties would divide and harm the country. 2.U.S. should have a policy of neutrality with other countries. 3.Sectionalism would divide the country (Sections of the country, referring to the north, south and west, disagreed over different issues.)

Values of the United States Rank each value in order of importance (1-10) ___ COMPETITIVENESS ___ COOPERATION ___ DEMOCRACY ___ EQUALITY ___ FREEDOM ___ HUMAN RIGHTS ___ JUSTICE ___ SELF-RELIANCE ___ STABILITY ___ TOLERANCE

COMPETITIVENESS The act of striving with or against others to achieve a goal

COOPERATION Working together; helping each other

DEMOCRACY The people run the country

EQUALITY All people are treated alike

FREEDOM The right of enjoying all privileges

HUMAN RIGHTS The basic freedoms of all human beings like life, liberty and freedom of thought and expression.

JUSTICE Fair treatment and due process of law

SELF-RELIANCE Dependent on self for support, help and supply

STABILITY Not subject to change; remaining steady

TOLERANCE Respect for the beliefs and practices of others

The most important value to me is ______ because…

John Adams I know… I learned…

The Next Administrations after Washington  Trouble with France under Adams Define XYZ Affair  Making the Government Stronger Define Alien and Sedition Acts Alien Act- Changed requirements for citizenship from 5 years to 14 years Alien Act- Any alien seen as dangerous could be deported Sedition Act- Republican newspapers were criticizing the Federalist government. Among the Republicans were recent immigrants (Jefferson, Madison and the Republicans believed the Sedition Act violated the Constitution) Define Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Election of 1800 page 211 In 1800, the presidential candidates were ____ and ____. The Federalist candidate was _____ and the Republican candidate was _____. There was a tie in the electoral college between ____ and ____. ____ was not a candidate for president; he was running to be ____. The decision about the election had to be decided by _____. ____ became the third president of the United States with ____as vice- president. The ____ Amendment was added to the Constitution as a result of the elections of 1796 and 1800.

Thomas Jefferson I know… I learned…

Jefferson Memorial

Jefferson’s Agenda page 213 Reducing government Defining the role of the courts Expanding into the West Dealing with England and France

Reducing Government page 213 Reduced taxes paid by the people Cut the size of the federal bureaucracy Army was slashed to just over 3,000 men

Defining the role of the courts page 214 Judiciary Act of number of Supreme Court justices decreased and number of federal judges increased giving Adams the chance to appoint Federalist judges before leaving office. One of the “midnight judges” was John Marshall as Chief Justice. Marbury v. Madison established judicial review which was not clearly stated in the Constitution.

Expanding into the West page 215 The country extended as far west as the Mississippi River in Jefferson sent James Monroe to France in 1803 to buy the city of New Orleans for no more than $10 million. A successful slave rebellion led by Toussaint L’Ouverture in the French colony of Haiti convinced Napoleon, the leader of France, to sell the entire Louisiana Territory for $15 million. Lewis and Clark were commissioned by Jefferson to explore the newly purchased land.

Trail of Lewis and Clark

Dealing with England and France page 217 American ships were being harassed by the French and British for trading with the other. American sailors were being kidnapped by the British to serve in their navy. USS Chesapeake was attacked. Embargo Act of almost all trade with foreign countries was outlawed. Americans hated it.

The Duel (page 217) In 1804, ____ ran to be the governor of New York. Instead of running as a _____, he ran as a Federalist. A leading Federalist, _____, opposed his try to be governor. The two men had had disagreements in the past. ____ challenged ____ to a duel and _______won.

Native American Resistance page 60 in workbook If the statement is true, write it. If the statement is false, change it to a true statement.

The War of 1812 pages Why did the U.S. declare war against Britain? (Name two causes.) 2.Two men in the U.S. Army later became president. Who were they? 3.Where was the War of 1812 fought? 4.Who was president when Washington, D.C. was burned by the British? 5.What do the words of “The Star Spangled Banner” describe? 6.What was decided by the Treaty of Ghent? 7.Why did the Battle of New Orleans continue after the signing of the treaty?