Role of Respiration Brings in oxygen Gets rid of carbon dioxide Warms up Respiratory system the air filter with the help of cilla

Organs of Respiratory system

Nose- cilla Sinuses mucus keeps air warm and moist Air passes into the windpipe which is covered by the epiglottis this flap prevents chocking Trachea carries air to the bronchiole tubes Lungs large soft organs that contain tiny air sacs called alveoli surrounded by capillaries

1 nose—hairs inside trap dust particles these hairs prevent them from entering the lungs 2 Nasal chamber—keeps the air you breathe warm and the mucus keeps the air moist 3 windpipe (trachea) Epiglottis- small flap that covers the windpipe Trachea- 15 cm and carries air to the bronchi

4 Bronchi 2 short tubes that carry air from the trachea to the lungs 5 Lungs soft organs where chemical exchange takes place 6 Bronchi enters each lung and separates into smaller tubes which lead to tiny air sacs 7 These sacs are called alveoli ( look like clusters of grapes, surrounded by capillaries where the gas exchange takes place

Gas Exchange Lungs Gas exchange Oxygen in carbon dioxide out Blood around alveoli low in oxygen Breathe in oxygen fills alveoli, and passes into blood by diffusion Blood arrives at the lungs and carbon dioxide diffuses into alveoli from blood

Breathing Chest size changes due to the muscle located along the bottom of your chest This muscle is call the diaphragm Sheet-like muscle that separates chest from intestines and abdomen

Respiratory System Problems Carbon monoxide poisoning Pneumonia (communicable) Microbes invade alveoli Lung tissue forms extra mucus Mucus and pus clog the alveoli making it difficult to breathe This blockage prevents o2 from getting into the bloodstream

Emphysema (not communicable) Lung disease Breakdown of alveoli Person always seems to be out of breath not enough alveoli to get o2 into the blood Caused by smoking Air pollution

Role of Excretion Removal of chemical wastes that are not needed by the body or are harmful to the body If not removed these wastes would poison and kill the cells These wastes are either Removal of chemical wastes that are not needed by the body or are harmful to the body made by body cells or Come from undigested food

Removal of these wastes is called excretion. Liquid waste is removed by the excretory system Urea> breakdown of body protein Poisonous, must be removed Carried to the kidneys

Kidneys Humans have two big as a fist Kidneys filter blood they work similar to filter paper In one day your kidneys filter 200 liters of blood

Path of Wastes Blood carries wastes to kidneys Urea filtered from blood Filtered blood leaves kidney Filtered blood returns to heart Ureter carries wastes to bladder Bladder (sac) that stores liquid waste Urethra carries wastes from the bladder to outside the body