REVIEW for Quiz # to 16-7

How many bones are in the human body?  106  206  256  306

How many bones are in the human body?  106  206  256  306

Overview of body systems:  Muscular: The body system that gives your body the power to move.  Skeletal: protect your internal organs and gives body shape.  Circulatory: moves essential supplies to all of the body's cells.  Respiratory: The system that supplies the body with constant oxygen and rids the body of carbon dioxide.  Nervous: Your body's message and control system.  Digestive: The body system that converts food into fuel and energy.  Endocrine: The chemical communication system responsible for the fast growth during the teen years.

Circulatory System

The circulatory system: allows the body to move materials from one place to another. allows the body to move materials from one place to another. is made up of the heart (MAIN part), a network of blood vessels, and blood. is made up of the heart (MAIN part), a network of blood vessels, and blood. Click here

Circulatory System  Two main jobs: - carry food, water, oxygen to cells - remove waste from cells

Blood Vessels  Blood travels the body through a system of tubes called blood vessels.  Three kinds of blood vessels: –Arteries: carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body –Capillaries: tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins –Veins: return waste-rich blood to the heart; veins have thinner walls and look blue through the skin

Respiratory System

The respiratory system is responsible for providing the body with the oxygen it needs. The respiratory system is responsible for providing the body with the oxygen it needs.  MAIN job: –Supplies the body with constant oxygen and rids the body of carbon dioxide.

Order of the Respiratory System 1. Nose/mouth - Blood vessels, cilia, and mucus moisten, warm, and filter the air you breathe 2. Pharynx (throat) ‏ 3. Larynx (voice box) ‏ 4. Trachea (windpipe) ‏ –Epiglottis - Flap of muscle that prevents food/liquids from entering the trachea

Order of the Respiratory System 5. Bronchi (bronchial tubes) - tube that leads from the trachea to the lung, main passageway 5. Bronchi (bronchial tubes) - tube that leads from the trachea to the lung, main passageway  Lungs – the main organ of the system Lungs 6. Bronchioles - tiny tubes inside the lungs that branches off the main bronchi/bronchial tubes  Alveoli - tiny clusters of air sacs in each lung through which oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves the blood

Diaphragm  The diaphragm is a large muscle at the bottom of your chest that separates the abdomen from the area around the lungs.  IT HELPS YOU BREATHE!

Nervous System

Two parts:  Central Nervous System (CNS): Includes brain and spinal cord  Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. –Messages are carried by tiny electrical charges called “impulses”  This system is PROTECTED by the skeletal system.

Digestive System

Order of the digestive system and jobs: 1. Mouth: Teeth tear and grind, saliva moistens 2. Esophagus: muscular tube (remember peristalsis?) 3. Stomach: lining made of mucus to prevent acid from burning through it 4. Small intestine: MOST digestion takes place here, nutrients absorbed 5. Large intestine/colon: lining absorbs much of the liquid contained in the waste material 6. Rectum/anus: exits the body

Supporting organs  Liver: produces salty fluid that breaks down fat called bile  Pancreas: makes other enzymes like insulin to aid in digestion (regulates glucose levels)  Gall bladder: stores bile and releases it to the small intestine when needed.

Endocrine System

 The endocrine system is a chemical communication system that controls many body functions.  Gland: a group of cells or organs that produces or secretes hormones  The pituitary gland signals other endocrine glands to produce hormones when needed.

STUDY!!!