Ancient Indian Civilizations CHAPTER 3 4/23/2017 CHAPTER 3 Ancient Indian Civilizations Section 1: Indus River Valley Section 2: Indo-Aryan Migrants Section 3: Hinduism and Buddhism Section 4: Ancient Indian Dynasties Section 5: Ancient Indian Life and Culture

Indus River Valley Objectives: Section 1: Examine the role geography and climate played in the settlement of the Indian subcontinent. Investigate how people in the first Indus River valley civilization lived.

The Importance of Geography and Climate Section 1: Indus River Valley The Importance of Geography and Climate Physical geography – Himalayas, Ganges River, Indus River The climate – monsoons and high temperatures

Early Civilization in the Indus Section 1: Indus River Valley Early Civilization in the Indus River valley Large, carefully planned cities Facilities for storage and distribution of surplus food

Indo-Aryan Migrants Objectives: Section 2: Explain how life in northern India changed with the coming of the Indo-Aryans. Identify the major contributions of the Indo-Aryans to ancient Indian society.

The Nomadic Indo-Aryans Section 2: Indo-Aryan Migrants The Nomadic Indo-Aryans The Vedic Age Indo-Aryan religion – from nature

Early Indo-Aryan Society Section 2: Indo-Aryan Migrants Early Indo-Aryan Society Indo-Aryan society – settled communities, marriage was important The Indo-Aryan economy – barter Southern India

Hinduism and Buddhism Section 3: Objectives: Section 3: Describe the importance of religion in ancient Indian society. Identify the principal elements of Hinduism. Identify the basic beliefs of Buddhism.

The Upanishads and the Epics Section 3: Hinduism and Buddhism The Upanishads and the Epics Upanishads – written explanation of Vedic religion Epics – long poems based on historical or religious themes Bhagavad Gita

Hinduism and Buddhism A Changing Society Section 3: Caste system Varnas – social classes

Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism Section 3: Hindu beliefs – monism, reincarnation Hindu religious practices – yoga, seasonal festivals

Hinduism and Buddhism Buddhism Section 3: The Buddha’s teachings – reincarnation, ethics, selflessness The spread of Buddhism

Ancient Indian Dynasties Section 4: Ancient Indian Dynasties Objectives: Explain how the Mauryan rulers increased their power. Examine the reasons for the decline of Gupta rule.

Rise of the Mauryan Empire Section 4: Ancient Indian Dynasties Rise of the Mauryan Empire Chandragupta Maurya – powerful leader Aśoka – great ruler, Buddhist

Ancient Indian Dynasties Section 4: Ancient Indian Dynasties The Gupta Rulers Less centralized rule Local leaders Invaders from Asia

Ancient Indian Life and Culture Section 5: Ancient Indian Life and Culture Objectives: Describe how women’s rights were limited in ancient Indian society. Identify the most important achievements of the Gupta period.

Ancient Indian Life and Culture Section 5: Ancient Indian Life and Culture Economy and Society Women were prohibited from owning property Polygyny

Cultural Achievements Section 5: Ancient Indian Life and Culture Cultural Achievements Art and architecture Education – Nalanda Mathematics and astronomy – algebra, quadratic equations Medicine – inoculation