Concussions *A traumatic brain injury which results in a temporary disruption of normal brain function *Occurs when the brain is violently rocked back and forth or twisted inside the skull as a result of a blow to the head or body

Signs of Concussions Dazed, stunned or confused Answers questions slowly Moves clumsily Behavior or personality changes Memory loss Loss of consciousness (less than 10%)

Symptoms of Concussions Headache Nausea Balance problems Dizziness Double or fuzzy vision Feeling sluggish or groggy Concentration or memory problems Confusion

If an athlete is suspected of having a concussion: The athlete should be removed from play The athlete must be evaluated by a health care professional (Physician, Physician assistant, Osteopath, Athletic Trainer licensed by the Virginia Board of Medicine, Neuropsychologist licensed by the Board of Psychology, or a Nurse practitioner licensed by the Virginia State Board of Nursing.) Parent or guardian will be informed by the coach If a possible concussion occurs outside of sports- inform the athlete’s coach

Medical Emergencies When an athlete needs immediate medical attention: Any loss of consciousness Decreasing levels of consciousness Unable to be awakened Breathing irregularity Severe or worsening headache Persistent vomiting Seizures

To Recover from a Concussion Rest! Let teachers know at school-academics can be affected Get plenty of sleep Limit brain stimulation Computer Video games Texting Television ***No athlete should return to contact competitive sports until they are symptom free, both at rest and with exercise and have normal neurocognitive testing

Return to Play Athletes sustaining a concussion will not be allowed to return to play until: Cleared by a health care professional All symptoms are resolved with rest and exercise

Risks of Returning to Play to Soon Most athletes recover in 1-2 weeks Up to 10% of athletes have prolonged symptoms including headache, difficulty concentrating, poor memory and sleep problems If return before healed athletes are at risk for: Repeat concussion Slower recovery Increased long term problems Severe swelling in the brain that can cause death

Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Concussions: Knowing & Understanding Signs/Symptoms of a concussion through Education. Early reporting of possible concussion to Coach, Parent, and/or Athletic Trainer. Practicing proper technique & form of Sports Specific Skills needed in the specific sport. Practicing Good Sportsmanship Wear proper equipment Helmets properly fitted Mouth guards properly worn & fitted

If head injury is suspected: The athlete will follow up with their physician to determine the return to play and the physician will complete the Follow Up Physician Form

To Review If an athlete is experiencing any signs or symptoms of a concussion-inform the coach Athletes cannot return to play without being cleared by a health care professional and being symptom free

It’s better to miss one game than the whole season QUESTIONS?