HONORS AMERICAN HISTORY MR. TAYLOR CHAPTER 6 The Duel for North America

The Duel for North America The Contest over North America involved Spain, France and Britain European Wars were fought  King Williams War  Queen Anne’s War  King George’s War  French and Indian War Set the stage for American Independence

France Finds a Foothold King Louis XIV- ( )- Developed a deep interest in overseas colonies French settlements in Quebec- Samuel de Champlain Champlain- The Hurons and the Iroquois- Iroquois became anti-French- Pg. 98 Became a royal colony of France  Virtually no self-government  Autocratic government  Protestants were not allowed to travel to the colonies.

New France Fans Out Fur Trading and the Beaver Coureuvs de Bois- (runners of the woods)  Recruited indians to help  Great lakes, Platte, Arkansas, and Missouri  Drove the beaver close to extection  Effects on the American Indian- Pg 99 French Catholic missionaries  Cadillac- Detroit  De la Salle- Mississippi  Block Spanish and British expansion

The Clash of Empires Contests among the European Powers for control of North America:  King Williams War and Queen Anne’s War  War of Jenkins’s Ear and King George’s War Who Fought Whom Years Location of Most Battles Major Conflicts and type of fighting Victors Treaty Terms

George Washington and the French and Indian War In the 1750’s the Ohio Valley became an area of contention between the French and the British. Both countries felt it was a critical area of control for future settlements. Page

Global War and Colonial Disunity French and Indian War became an International War.  Europe  West Indies  Philippines  Africa  Oceans 1754-Intercolonial Congress to deal with the war- Albany NY  7 of 13 colonies  Bolster Defense  Page 106

FRANKLIN’S OBSERVATION “All of the people agreed upon union, but their weak noodles were perfectly distracted when they attempted to agree on details”.

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR General Braddock was sent to Virginia with a strong detachment of British troops to deal with the French problem  Set out to capture Fort Dequene  Militia- “buckskins”- Colonial soldiers who used “Guerrilla Tactics  Outcome of Washington and Braddock British attack on Canada

William pitt THE Great commoner Revamped British strategy- away from the French West Indies to concentrate on the Quebec/Montreal areas. Appointed young and energetic leaders  Louisbourg- Br. Victory  1759-Battle of Quebec- James Wolfe  Treaty of Paris

1763- TREATY OF PARIS French power swept from North America  Allowed to retain several small valuable islands in the West Indies  French ceded all trans-Mississippi La., plus N.O. to Spain  Spain turned Florida over to Britain for Cuba Britain emerged as the dominant power in N.A. and the leading naval power of the world.

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RESTLESS COLONISTS Colonists emerged with increased confidence in their military strength.  Gained valuable military experience  20,000 colonists were under arms  Shattered the myth of British invincibility Friction developed between British officers and colonial troops  No commission higher than captain given to Colonists- Washington  Considered colonial soldiers “scum”, living in the “outhouse of civilization”.  British upset about colonial smuggling  Many colonists refused to support the war-Money, Volunteer but demanded rights of Englishman.  Inter-colonial disunity  Examples of unity  Pages

WARS FATEFUL AFTERMATH REMOVAL OF THE FRENCH THREAT TO THE COLONISTS. SPANISH AND INDIAN MENACE WAS LESS  Spanish out of Florida  Spanish control of New Orleans was less of a threat than the French  Harsh blow to Indians- Could not play off of European rivalry. PONTIAC’S REBELLION  American colonists were ready to move west  PROCLAMATIN LINE OF Page 121