0 The Virtual Resource Market – SLAs as derivatives contracts for the data centre Date: 8 May 2007 Produced by: Chris Swan The materials may not be used or relied upon in any way.

1 Agenda A financial metaphor for the data centre Where virtualisation fits into the picture The virtual resource market SLAs – the cornerstone to success Integrating SLAs into the software development lifecycle Questions

2 OGF technical reference model – axes only Business process / service Virtualized Platform Platform Instance Virtualized Operating Environment Operating Environment Virtualized Physical Physical StorageComputeNetwork

3 OGF reference model – top and bottom layers only Service Reference dataRisk ManagementCustomer Portal Assets StorageComputeIO

4 OGF reference model - A financial metaphor Derivative ListedOTCExotic Assets CashBondsEquities

5 A layered view (from OGF technical reference model) Business process / service Reference DataRisk ManagementCustomer Portal Virtualized Platform Data GridCompute GridServer Farm Platform Instance DatabaseApp ServerWeb Server Virtualized Operating Environment NFS, SMB, NASVirtual Machine Monitors Load balancing, VIPs Operating Environment File systems e.g. NTFS, Ext3 Operating Systems e.g. Linux, Windows Network protocols e.g. TCP/IP, UDP Virtualized Physical LUNsHypervisorsVLANs Physical Disks, Array Controller, SAN switches etc. Servers, Blades etc. Switches, Routers etc. StorageComputeNetwork Each physical layer provides Abstraction to the layer above Each Virtualized layer provides a flexible mapping/management point

6 Balancing the infrastructure Service Level Agreements (SLAs) Assets Capacity & Performance Management (VRM)

7 Virtual Resource Market - Details Virtual Resource Market Virtual Resource Market Network Fabrics Storage Fabrics Bids Offers Compute Fabrics Canonical Application Architectures Physical ResourcesVirtualized Resources $/Unit Performance $/Virtual Unit Performance Time Slice Offers Time Slice Bids Minimize $/Unit Performance Maintain SLAs $ for SLAs (Budget)Match $ for SLA to $/Virtual Unit Performance Compute Fabric C 1 Canonical Architecture A Canonical Architecture B Canonical Architecture C Bid for Storage Fabric Bid for Network Fabric Bid for Compute Fabric $/Fabric Compute Fabric C 2 Network Fabric N 1 Network Fabric N 2 Storage Fabric S 2 Storage Fabric S 1 Bid for Storage Fabric Bid for Network Fabric Bid for Compute Fabric Bid for Network Fabric Bid for Compute Fabric Offers of C 2 Offers of N 1 Offers of N 2 Offers of S 1 Offers of S 2 Offers of C 1 SLA

8 SLAs work just like any other piece of software From the classic waterfall process (or SDLC+): Initiation (Concept) If we are going to have a system then we will need an SLA Requirements definition Identify at a coarse level what the parameters covered by the SLA will be System and software design Determine high level metrics (key performance indicators) then refine to get specific metrics Implementation and unit testing This creates and verifies the functional parts of the SLA Integration and system testing At this stage it should be possible to validate that the non functional aspects are achievable Deployment / maintenance Ensure that the system performs within the SLA and respond to exceptions Evaluation Does the SLA actually represent the service to fit the business need that drove the original concept? } These stages are where efforts are typically focused with existing performance management tools. Many systems are integrated and tested for ‘ultimate’ performance because no SLA has been defined, designed or developed earlier in the cycle.

9 Tools and technology XML has become increasingly popular for modelling derivatives, with FPML emerging to cover most of the common ground We need standard XSDs for SLAs Composition is crucial – we don’t code from scratch, so we won’t build SLAs from scratch Common models (canonical forms) can be reused  These may well have repeatable behaviour as well as shape Components and frameworks have yet to emerge  SLAng (UCL) shows the way, WS-CDL may help with behaviour Eclipse plugin for SLAs – coming soon?

10 Questions?

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