Module 1.3 Database Management Systems

Outline 1. Data, System, Management 2. The Database Management System Environment 3. The DBMS Organizational Relationship

Workshop # 2 The PHP

Data + System + Management 1

What is a Database? The database is consist of logically related data stored in a single logical data storeroom or repository.

KEYWORDS: DATABASE DATA  logically related SINGLE LOGICAL DATA STOREROOM

What is Management? Manage to achieve a goal To Carry on or function Be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

KEYWORDS: MANAGEMENT Goal Function or Role Act

What is a System An ordered manner; orderliness by virtue of being methodical and well organized A group of independent but interrelated elements comprising a unified whole

KEY WORDS: SYSTEM ORDER METHODICAL WELL-ORGANIZED UNIFIED WHOLE

What is a Database System? An organization of components that defines and regulates the collection, storage, management and use of data in a database environment

A DBMS Should be able to: Manage (a GOAL, a FUNCTION and ACT ON IT) Data (logically related information) Systematically (there is order, a method and organized as one unit)

DBMS Environment 2

The DBMS Environment Consist of DBMS PeopleSoftwareProceduresDataHardware

Refers to all of the system’s physical devices Computers Microcomputers, main frames, workstations and servers Storage Devices Printers Network Devices Hubs, switches, fiber optics, routers Other Devices

Software Although the most readily identified software is the DBMS itself, to make the database system function fully, it needs 3 types of software Operating System Software – manage the hardware components and makes it possible for all other software to run on the computer: e.g. UNIX, LINUX, Mac OS, Windows

DBMS Software – manages the Database: MS Access, SQL Server, Oracle etc Application Programs – use to access and manipulate data in the DBMS and manage the computer environment in which data access and manipulation takes place

People This component includes all user of the database system. Usually consist of the following: Systems Administrator (SYSAD) oversees the database system’s general operations Database Administrators (DBA) manage the DBMS and ensure that the database is functioning properly

Database Designers designs the database structures; database architects. Systems Analysts and Programmers designs the application programs End Users are the people who use the application programs to run the organization’s daily operations

Procedures Instructions and rules that govern the design and use of the database system Procedures also are used to ensure that there is an organized way to monitor and audit both the data that enters the database and the information that is generated through the use of that data Examples: Enrolment Procedures Opening a new bank account

Data Data covers the collection of facts stored in the database. Because data are the raw materials from which information is generated, the determination of what data are to be entered into the database and how the data are to be organized is a vital part of the database designer’s job.

DBMS Organizational Relationships 3

System Administrator Database Designer Database Administrator Analysts & Programmers End Users Procedures & Standards DBMS Utilities Application Softwares designs writes and enforces supervises manages writes access Hardware use Applied to DBMS

A DBMS and a HUMAN PERSON The DBMSA HUMANThinking like a DBMS Software Our Human BrainWhat type of OS do you have? Hardware Our Body and its subsystems (digestive, circulatory etc) Is your Hardware System Working well to be able to function task efficiently? People Our parents, friends, “churvaloos”, classmates etc Who help you manage your life? Who are your end users? Procedures Rules, Daily ActivitiesWhat is your end goal in life? What are your principles in life? What are your activities? Data Our Life Experiences and Encounters Are you able to maximize your daily data in your life and be able to process it well?

Summary A good database management system is able to create systems to be able to manage data efficiently and effectively A Database Management system consist of 5 components/elements: Software, hardware, people, procedures and data A DBMS involves a inter-relationship of task, people and procedures working as a whole.

Module 1.3 Lab work

4

Objectives 1. Write and execute a simple php script 2. Compare and Contrast between an html file and a php file extension

Workshop 2.1 PHP and HTML Comparison

Procedure 1 Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/ Create a new folder called: IM32W2 create a new html file using notepad/notepad++

Hello World! Hello World! Save it as index.html Browse it on your localhost: or

Procedure 2 Go to c:/xampp/htdocs/ Create a new folder called: IM32W2 create a new html file using notepad/notepad++

Hello World! Hello World! Save it as index.php Browse it on your localhost: or

Procedure 3 Open index.html Add the following lines (refer to the next slide) Save it. Browse it on your localhost: or

Hello World! <? echo ‘ IM 32 ’; ?> Hello World! <? echo ‘ IM 32 ’; ?>

Procedure 4 Open index.php Add the following lines (refer to the next slide) Save it. Browse it on your localhost: or

Hello World! <? echo ‘ IM 32 ’; ?> Hello World! <? echo ‘ IM 32 ’; ?>

Before the class ends: Is there a difference between index.html and index.php?