IONS An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of electrons and protons of at least one atom in the molecule.

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Presentation transcript:

IONS An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of electrons and protons of at least one atom in the molecule are not equal.

Know your groups Now that we know how atoms gain and lose electrons we can predict how and with what elements will combine Ionic bonding is always between a metal and non metal

Positive and Negative ions Cations are positive Ions Anions are negative ions

Valence electrons The Octet Rule is a tendency of atoms in molecules to have eight electrons in their valence shells. (Two for hydrogen atoms.) The octet rule is a general rule, but is not followed by all molecules.

Ionic bonds When a non metal and metal combine to make an ionic bond, electrons are transferred. This means that in the making of Ionic molecules like NaCl ions are produced This is demonstrated by salt water and electricity

Ionic bonds Named so because Ions are produced in the formation of these metal and non metal compounds Once you know the valences of the elements you can figure out how those elements combine

Ionic Naming

Ionic naming

Molecular bonding This is bonding between two nonmetals This is also called covalent bonding Here atoms / elements share electrons instead of give them away or take them

Molecular = covalent Covalent Bonds are chemical bonds formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms. The nuclei of two different atoms are attracting the same electrons. Therefore, unlike ionic bonds where an electron is moved from one atom to another the electrons are shared.

Molecular naming Molecular naming is easier, but the bonding can be a bit more difficult

Prefixes mono- 1 hepta- 7 di- 2 octa- 8 tri- 3 nona- 9 tetra- 4deca- 10 penta- 5 undeca- 11 hexa- 6dodeca- 12 return

Example #1- Names to Formulas Sulfur trioxide S O 1 3 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #2- Names to Formulas dichlorine heptaoxide Cl O 2 7 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula

Example #3- Names to Formulas oxygen difluoride O F 1 2 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #4- Names to Formulas dinitrogen tetraoxide N O 2 4 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula

Example #5- Names to Formulas phosphorus pentachloride P Cl 1 5 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #6- Names to Formulas di nitrogen monoxide N O 2 1 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #7- Names to Formulas carbon monoxide C O 1 1 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #8- Names to Formulas sulfur hexafluoride S F 1 6 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written

Example #10- Names to Formulas dinitrogen trisulfide N S 2 3 I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write symbols of elements Final Formula

Examples #1- Formulas to Names CCl 4 carbonmonotetra I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name chlor ine ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #2- Formulas to Names XeF 3 xenonmono tri I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name fluor ine ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #4- Formulas to Names AsI 3 arsenicmono tri I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name iod ine ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #6- Formulas to Names IF 5 iodinemono penta I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name fluor ine ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #8- Formulas to Names N2S5N2S5 nitrogen di penta I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name sulf ur ide

Examples #9- Formulas to Names SiCl 4 siliconmono tetra I’m a Binary Compound 2. Write number of atoms 1. Write names of elements Final Name chlor ine ide If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written