September 15 th, 2011
is called "hydroxyl acid", the substance is the major component of acid rain.hydroxylacidacid rain contributes to the "greenhouse effect".greenhouse effect may cause severe burns. is fatal if inhaled. contributes to the erosion of our natural landscape.erosion accelerates corrosion and rusting of many metals.corrosion may cause electrical failures and decreased effectiveness of automobile brakes. has been found in excised tumors of terminal cancer patients.tumorscancer
Despite the danger, dihydrogen monoxide is often used: as an industrial solvent and coolant. in nuclear power plants. in the production of Styrofoam. as a fire retardant. in many forms of cruel animal research. in the distribution of pesticides. Even after washing, produce remains contaminated by this chemical. as an additive in certain "junk-foods" and other food products.
noxide_hoax noxide_hoax
Usually composed of two or more different non-metals Atoms share a pair of electrons The shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms Since they’re sharing and not transferring, the atoms remain uncharged Let’s look at a Lewis Dot of water to see what’s going on...
Molecular compounds are made of individual molecules with a fixed ratio Molecules are neutral particles composed of two or more atoms joined together by covalent bonds
Each group will be assigned a different molecular/covalent compound You will have 10 minutes to figure out how this molecule bonds covalently! On chart paper, draw what’s going on Your group will explain the molecular/covalent compound to the class!
Naming Binary Molecular Compounds *Remember! Binary means 2* Let’s name CO 2 PrefixNumberPrefixNumber Mono-1Penta-5 Di-2Hexa-6 Tri-3Hepta-7 Tetra-4Octa-8
NO 2 is nitrogen dioxide What about N 2 O 4 ? Is it the same as NO 2 ? Answer – NO!
We don’t simplify the subscripts for molecular/covalent because since molecules are separate particles, (not a solid crystalline structure like ionic bonds), different formulas represent different molecules !
StepExample – N 2 O 4 1. Count the number of atoms of the first element in the chemical formula. Number of nitrogen atoms: 2 2. Write the appropriate prefix followed by the name of the element. Note that the prefix mono- is never used for the first element. First part of the name: dinitrogen 3. Count the number of atoms of the second element in the chemical formula. Number of oxygen atoms: 4 4. Write the appropriate prefix followed by the name of the element using the suffix – ide. If the prefix ends with a or o, this letter is dropped before the oxide. Second part of the name: tetroxide Full name: dinitrogen tetroxide
Name your compounds!
StepsPhosphorus Trichloride (used to make insecticide) 1. Write the chemical symbol of the first element. First element in formula : P 2. Figure out how many atoms you need based on the prefix (mono-, di-, etc.) If there is no prefix, there is just one! Number of phosphorus atoms: 1 3. Write the chemical symbol of the second element. Second element in formula: Cl 4. Figure out how many atoms you need, based on prefix. Number of chlorine atoms: 3 5. Write the formula using the subscripts Formula: PCl 3
Write the chemical formula for dinitrogen pentoxide Name the following molecular compounds CO PCl 5