LIPIDS Chapter 6.

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Presentation transcript:

LIPIDS Chapter 6

Typical Fatty Acid Structure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end (methyl group) (carboxyl group)

Degrees of Saturation Saturated Unsaturated Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated

Saturated Fatty Acid Structure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end All single bonds to hydrogen

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Structure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end One double bond

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Structure H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C--C--C=C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end > 2 double bonds

Essential Fatty Acid Omega-3 (alpha-linolenic acid) H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C=C--C--C =C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end 1st double bond is located on the 3rd carbon from the omega end

Essential Fatty Acid Omega-6 (alpha-linoleic acid) H H H H H H H H H H H H H O H-C--C--C--C-- C--C =C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H omega end alpha end 1st double bond is located on the 6th carbon from the omega end

Triglycerides + (Ester bond) H O H--C--O--C-- O H H H--C--OH O HO-C-R R + H2O + R + H20 R + H20 (Ester bond) Glycerol + 3 FA’s Triglyceride + 3 H20

Triglycerides + Fatty Acid esterification deesterfication H O H H--C--O--C-- O H H H--C--OH Fatty Acid + Fatty Acid Fatty Acid esterification deesterfication

Functions of Triglycerides Provide energy Efficient storage of energy Insulation Protection Transport fat-soluble vitamins Satiety Flavor and texture

Emulsification

Cholesterol Content in Food

Digestion of lipids

Absorption of lipids

Chylomicrons

Transport of Lipids

Transport of Lipids

Transport of Lipids

Atherosclerosis

Cis and Trans Fatty Acid

Hydrogenation Process

Trans Fatty Acids in Foods