Self Assessment Question 1 Mutations that change the nucleotide sequence without changing the amino acid sequence are: A.Conditional mutations B.Silent mutations C.Permissive mutations D.Missense mutations E.Nonsense mutations 1

Self Assessment Question 1 Answer Mutations that change the nucleotide sequence without changing the amino acid sequence are: A.Conditional mutations B.Silent mutations CORRECT ANSWER C.Permissive mutations D.Missense mutations E.Nonsense mutations 2

Self Assessment Question 2 Base substitutions in coding regions that result in changed amino acids are called: A.Conditional mutations B.Transversions C.Missense mutations D.Nonsense mutations E.Silent mutations 3

Self Assessment Question 2 Answer Base substitutions in coding regions that result in changed amino acids are called: A.Conditional mutations B.Transversions C.Missense mutations CORRECT ANSWER D.Nonsense mutations E.Silent mutations 4

Self Assessment Question 3 Base substitutions that create a new stop codon are called: A.Transitions B.Permissive mutations C.Missense mutations D.Nonsense mutations E.Silent mutations 5

Self Assessment Question 3 Answer Base substitutions that create a new stop codon are called: A.Transitions B.Permissive mutations C.Missense mutations D.Nonsense mutations CORRECT ANSWER E.Silent mutations 6

Self Assessment Question 4 Spontaneous base substitutions are: A.Biased in favor of transversions B.Biased in favor of transitions C.Unbiased (transversions and transitions are equally frequent) D.Silent in most of the cases 7

Self Assessment Question 4 Answer Spontaneous base substitutions are: A.Biased in favor of transversions B.Biased in favor of transitions CORRECT ANSWER C.Unbiased (transversions and transitions are equally frequent) D.Silent in most of the cases 8

Self Assessment Question 5 T to C or A to G mutations are: A.Transition mutations B.Transversion mutations C.Translation mutations D.Transcription mutations E.Conditional mutations 9

Self Assessment Question 5 Answer T to C or A to G mutations are: A.Transition mutations CORRECT ANSWER B.Transversion mutations C.Translation mutations D.Transcription mutations E.Conditional mutations 10

Self Assessment Question 6 T to A or G to T mutations are: A.Transition mutations B.Translation mutations C.Transcription mutations D.Conditional mutations E.Transversion mutations 11

Self Assessment Question 6 Answer T to A or G to T mutations are: A.Transition mutations B.Translation mutations C.Transcription mutations D.Conditional mutations E.Transversion mutations CORRECT ANSWER 12

Self Assessment Question 7 If a particular mutation reverts at an unusually high rate, the cause of the mutation is very likely to be: A.Deletion of a base pair B.Formation of a pyrimidine dimer C.Insertion of a transposable element D.Defect in proofreading repair system 13

Self Assessment Question 7 Answer If a particular mutation reverts at an unusually high rate, the cause of the mutation is very likely to be: A.Deletion of a base pair B.Formation of a pyrimidine dimer C.Insertion of a transposable element CORRECT ANSWER D.Defect in proofreading repair system 14

Self Assessment Question 8 Ultraviolet light primarily damages DNA by : A.Forming pyrimidine dimers B.Forming purine dimers C.Alkylating DNA D.Depurinating DNA 15

Self Assessment Question 8 Answer Ultraviolet light primarily damages DNA by: A.Forming pyrimidine dimers CORRECT ANSWER B.Forming purine dimers C.Alkylating DNA D.Depurinating DNA 16

17 Mutagenes Almost any kind of mutation that can be induced by a mutagen can also occur spontaneously, but mutagens bias the types of mutations that occur according to the type of damage to the DNA that they produce

Self Assessment Question 9 Ionizing radiation damages DNA by: A.Directly interacting with the DNA molecule B.Depurinating the DNA C.Interacting with water to form reactive ions called free radicals D.A process called intercalation E.Replication slippage 18

Self Assessment Question 9 Answer Ionizing radiation damages DNA by: A.Directly interacting with the DNA molecule B.Depurinating the DNA C.Interacting with water to form reactive ions called free radicals CORRECT ANSWER D.A process called intercalation E.Replication slippage 19

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Self Assessment Question 10 The activity of DNA polymerases that removes incorrectly incorporated nucleotides is called : A.Proofreading repair B.Photoreactivation repair C.Error prone repair D.Gap repair E.Mismatch repair 22

Self Assessment Question 10 Answer The activity of DNA polymerases that removes incorrectly incorporated nucleotides is called : A.Proofreading repair CORRECT ANSWER B.Photoreactivation repair C.Error prone repair D.Gap repair E.Mismatch repair 23

Self Assessment Question 11 A test for carcinogens and mutagens that looks for an increased reversion frequency in a His- strain of bacteria is called the: A.Amber test B.Mutagen test C.Ames test D.Salmonella reversion test E.Auxotrophic reversion test 24

Self Assessment Question 11 Answer A test for carcinogens and mutagens that looks for an increased reversion frequency in a His- strain of bacteria is called the: A.Amber test B.Mutagen test C.Ames test CORRECT ANSWER D.Salmonella reversion test E.Auxotrophic reversion test 25

Self Assessment Question 12 AP repair acts on nucleotides that: A.Underwent methylation B.Underwent deamination C.Lost their base D.Are located in a displacement loop 26

Self Assessment Question 12 Answer AP repair acts on nucleotides that: A.Underwent methylation B.Underwent deamination C.Lost their base CORRECT ANSWER D.Are located in a displacement loop 27

Self Assessment Question 13 Cancer cells are characterized by: A.Activation of apoptosis B.Increased contact inhibition C.Low telomerase activity D.Uncontrolled cellular proliferation E.All of the above 28

Self Assessment Question 13 Answer Cancer cells are characterized by: A.Activation of apoptosis B.Increased contact inhibition C.Low telomerase activity D.Uncontrolled cellular proliferation CORRECT ANSWER E.All of the above 29

Self Assessment Question 14 The major mutational target(s) for the multistep cancer progression is: A.Trinucleotide repeats B.Tumor-suppressor genes C.Proto-oncogenes D.Telomerase E.A and B F.B and C G.C and D 30

Self Assessment Question 14 Answer The major mutational target(s) for the multistep cancer progression is: A.Trinucleotide repeats B.Tumor-suppressor genes C.Proto-oncogenes D.Telomerase E.A and B F.B and C CORRECT ANSWER G.C and D 31

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