TEMPLATE DESIGN © EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF GYNAECOLOGICAL CANCER AT BENAZIR BHUTTO HOSPITAL, RAWALPINDI, PAKISTAN Ayesha Basharat, Samra Ayub, Asma Tanvir Usmani Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan INTRODUCTIONRESULTS CONCLUSION Content goes here… Gynaecological cancers are a group of different malignancies of the female reproductive system, which include cancers of the ovary, cervix, body of the uterus, vulva and vagina. 1,2 Gynaecological malignancies continue to be a major cause of morbidity as well as mortality in women worldwide. 3 Unfortunately, some cancers seem to be on the increase. Over the years, irrespective of social class, the number of gynaecological cancers is increasing, with more cases at the younger age. 4 Women health has always remained neglected, because of the traditional reductionistic approach to women health research. In developing countries reproductive morbidity greatly affects the quality of a women’s life and until recently this form of ill health has been ignored by woman herself, 5 planners and researchers. Lack of awareness of the extent and effect of reproductive morbidity on the health and quality of life of women in developing countries is evident at national, community and individual level. 6 The first step towards achieving the needs of women as consumers and providers is to do baseline research so that the nature and magnitude of the problem is assessed. Content goes here… METHODS The histologic patterns included endometrioid adenocarcinoma in 13, adenosquamous carcinoma in 1, clear cell carcinoma in 1 and leiomyosarcoma in 1. Less common tumors included vulval squamous cell carcinoma in 5 (8.2%) with mean age of 52  25.6 years and vaginal squamous cell carcinoma in 1 (1.6%) with an age of 52 years. 7 (11.4%) patients presented with recurrence after treatment of primary malignancy. All patients had their primary surgery done before referral if it was indicated. The reason for referral was for opinion about chemo- radiotherapy. OPTIONAL LOGO HERE 1.To do baseline research to assess the nature and magnitude of the problem. 2.To assess the histopathological diagnosis and epidemiology. Histopathol ogic diagnosis Epidemiolo gy Baseline research Nature & magnitude of problem Study Design: Cross- sectional observation al study Setting: Obstetrics & Gynaecology department, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Study Duration: Jun 2008 till Aug 2011 Sample Size: 61 patients diagnosed and referred to NORI RESULTS A total of 61 patients were diagnosed as having gynaecological malignancy and were referred to NORI from June 2008 TO August The age of the patients ranged from 13 to 80 years with a mean age of 49.6 ± 17.5 years. AGE Mean age ± SD (Years)49.6 ± 17.5 Range (Years)13-80 Site of malignanc y NMinimumMaximumMeanStd. Deviation Ovarian carcinoma Cervical carcinoma Endometr ial carcinoma Vulval carcinoma Vaginal carcinoma Age of patients with different gynaecological cancers Histopathology of gynaecological cancers Frequency Ovarian carcinoma22 (36.1%) Epithelial 19 Germ cell tumors 3 Cervical carcinoma17 (27.9%) Squamous cell carcinoma 15 Adenocarcinoma 2 Endometrial carcinoma16 (26.2%) Endometrioid adenocarcinoma 13 Adenosquamous carcinoma 1 Clear cell carcinoma 1 Leiomyosarcoma 1 Vulval squamous cell carcinoma5 (8.2%) Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma1 (1.6%) In our study, we reviewed the records of patients who were referred to oncology (NORI) for gynaecological cancers, from June 2008 to Aug Based on the reviews of these records, we assessed the histopathological diagnosis and epidemiology of these patients. On analysis of histopathological diagnosis the most common malignancy was ovarian carcinoma in 22 (36.1%) patients with a mean age of 37.2 ± 13.8 years. The youngest patient was 13 years of age with mixed malignant germ cell tumor. Epithelial (serous and mucinous tumors) were the commonest in 19 patients. Others included germ cell tumors in three patients (mixed malignant cell tumor, dysgerminoma and yolk sac tumor). The next most frequent malignancy was cervical carcinoma in 17 (27.9%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma in 15 and adenocarcinoma in 2 patients; with a mean age of 60.8  13.3 years. The next most frequent malignancy was endometrial carcinoma in 16 (26.2%) with mean age of 53.7  14.3 years. This study is an initial report of gynaecological cancers in this part of Pakistan, which is a developing country with alarmingly rising prevalence of carcinomas. Malignancies are now one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the population. REFERENCES 1.Department of Health, Social Services & Public Safety, Northern Ireland (2002). Epidemiology of Gynaecological Cancer in Northern Ireland. Guidance for the Management of Gynaecological Cancer, Belfast: DHSSPS. 2.Senate Community Affairs References Committee, Commonwealth of Australia (2006). Inquiry into gynaecological cancers in Australia. Breaking the silence: a national voice for gynaecological cancers. Canberra. 3.Siyal AR, Shaikh SM, Balouch R, et al (1999). Gynaecological cancer: histopathological experiences at Chandka Medical College and Hospital Larkana. Med Channel, 5, Chhabra S, Sonak M, Prem V, et al (2002). Gynaecological malignancies in a rural institute in India. J Obstet Gynaecol, 22, Graham W, Berer M, Price J, et al. Raising awareness about reproductive morbidity. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1992;86(Suppl 1): Evans J, Lamb G, Murthy N, et al. Women and children in poverty: reproductive health and child survival: report to the trustees of the Ford Foundation for its mid-decade review of programs. New York: The Ford Foundation, 1987