Types of Cells

Homework Quiz on Monday –Parts of Microscope –Parts of a Cell

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Prokaryote: -has no organelles (no nucleus) Eukaryote: -has organelles (has a nucleus) Both: -are living -have DNA -are cells

Eurkaryotes Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes Single celled organisms No nucleus No membrane-bound organelles Bacteria smallest cell Achaea Multicellular Nucleus enclosed Membrane bound Types Animal Fungi plants

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes

PlantAnimal Oval Shape Chloroplast—where photosynthesis takes place—two membrane and DNA Cell Wall Golgi Complex Cytoskeleton Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum Large Central Vacuole Parts—Circle Shape Nucleus Lysosomes Golgi Complex Cytoskeleton Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

Cell Parts Organelles: “little organs” Think of a cell as a factory- lots of separate people, departments, and machines that each have their own task, but they work together to get a job done.

Cell Membrane (like factory doors and gates): surround the cell provide communication with other cells control entrance and exit of materials, thereby maintaining internal balance Cell Membrane

Nucleus Cell nucleus (like the factory central office): the “boss” of the cell Directs all cell activities Separated by a nuclear membrane (it’s own “cell wall”) Contains genetic material - DNA

Cytoplasm Cytoplasm (like the factory floor): contains and carries all other organelles Gel-like material; the “goop” of the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic reticulum (like factory conveyor belts): move materials around in cell Smooth type: has no ribosomes Rough type (pictured): has ribosomes in surface

Ribosomes Ribosomes (like the factory assembly line): put together proteins Each cell contains thousands Found on reticulum and floating throughout the cell

Mitochondria Mitochondria (like the factory generator): the “power plant” of the cell Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates

Lysosome Lysosomes (like the factory waste management dpartment): the “wrecking crew” and “trash can” of the cell Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes or ruptures 

Homework Create an analogy or story that describes the functions of the organelles of a an animals cells Look at the example of the cell factory Two options: –Draw a picture and label the organelles like the cell factory ( must be colorful) –Write a mini story Worth 20 points