By: William, Mehul, Charles, Jia Ning

Mind Map Nazi Opposition Attempted Coup d'état Passive Resistance Private Grumbling Underground Resistance Abwehr (German intelligence) Georg Elser Hans Oster Networks of SPD and KPD Anti Nazi jokes Didn’t get worse Pleased with Nazis People were Afraid Didn’t know What was Going on Quibbles were minor Christian Church Absent -eeism Spreading Rumors Merged Together

How much Opposition was there?  No coups during first 10 years of Nazi rule  Started onwards from 2 nd World War  Underground resistance  Open opposition  Passive resistance  Non – cooperation  People would grumble discreetly

Why didn’t private grumbling become an open opposition?  German people were afraid  They didn’t know what was going on  People didn’t ask too many questions  They were ‘pleased’ with the Nazis

German Opposition to the Nazis  People that opposed Hitler’s regime  Made plans to overthrow Hitler – even to the extent of killing him  Normally small and isolated groups  More then 3 million German were in prison for political reasons  Several unequal strands (e.g., SPD, KPD, minorities in Christian churches, unorganized resistance)  Represented different classes of German society  Abwehr  Hatched conspiracies 1938, 1939 but failed

The First Assassination Attempt  Led by Hans Oster in 1938  Deputy head of the Abwehr  Dedicated opponent of Hitler and Nazism  Served as an officer on the German General Staff during World War I  Executed 9 th April 1945

1939 Assassination Attempt  Led by Georg Elser  He was a carpenter  Loathed Nazism and Hitler  Performed the entire attempt on his own  Built a powerful time bomb  Failed attempt – Hitler left 10 minutes early  Executed 9 th April 1945

Sources & Examples of Opposition Source 1 “There was another knock at the door and a stranger entered. He said he had heard about my mother’s achievements. He had assumed that she was a member of the [Nazi] Party and only found out that she was not when he checked his records. No doubt that was just an oversight, he went on, and she would join? She did not want to become a member of the Party. ‘You realize you cannot keep your position as coach to our young girls, unless you are a member of the Party?’ My mother said surely coaching had nothing to do with politics… My mother had to give up her much-loved job.”

Source 2 Hitler made himself Commander- in-Chief of the German armed forces when army leaders argued against his plans. Source 3 In 1936, a Pastor named Heinrich Grueber set up a secret organisation to help Jews. He was arrested in 1940 and sent to a concentration camp.

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