WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1 In your 3 brad folder: Define homeostasis in your own words. (Hint: look in cell theory notes)

Cellular Processes Day 1

Objectives 1. Define homeostasis. 2. Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model. 3. List items that enter & exit the cell.

Homeostasis = ability to maintain internal equilibrium – Maintain = keep – Internal = inside – Equilibrium = stable or balanced

Why is maintaining homeostasis in our body & cells important? An imbalance = disease or death!

Cell Membrane Function: 1) Regulates what enters & exits cell 2) Provides protection & support

Cell Membrane AKAs AKA: Plasma Membrane AKA: Phospholipid Bilayer AKA: Fluid Mosaic Model

Fluid Mosaic Model Fluid = not solid, membrane moves Mosaic = made of many parts

Parts of a Plasma Membrane Different Macromolecules in membrane: 1) Lipids = create bi-layer 2) Protein = create channel to pass large items 3) Carbohydrate Chains = identifying markers

A Closer Look at the Cell Membrane Phosphate head Fatty Tails Lipid Bi-Layer = 2 layers

Phospholipid Bilayer Latin Root: Bi = 2 Phospholipid = hydrophilic head + hydrophobic tail  BILAYER Hydrophilic = water loving Hydrophobic = water fearing Water & Oil do not mix

What Enters? What the cell needs for survival 1)Nutrients 2) 3) 4)

What Exits? What the cell needs to remove for survival (wastes) 1)Carbon Dioxide 2) 3) 4)

Membranes 1) Permeable = anything can cross 2) Impermeable = nothing can cross 3) Selectively Permeable = some substances can cross, but not others ***Most membranes are selective***

Phospholipid Bilayer and maintaining homeostasis Keep Balance = membrane selectively permeable NO ENTRY ENTER

Egg Lab: Day 1 Paste chart into notebook

WARM UP: Wed, Oct 2 In your 3 brad folder: What is the difference between a permeable and impermeable membrane?

Cellular Processes Day 2

Objectives 1. Define diffusion & osmosis. 2. Explain the 3 types of osmosis. 3. Define osmotic pressure. 4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

How “things” get selected to come into and out of the cell… DIFFUSION OSMOSIS ACTIVE TRANSPORT

DIFFUSION = movement of particles from high to low - Goes w/ the crowd - w/ the concentration gradient Does NOT require energy Diffusion stops when 2 areas are EQUAL (homeostasis) LowHigh

Facilitated Diffusion = movement larger molecules w/ “help” from protein channels Does NOT require energy

OSMOSIS = diffusion (movement) of water - From high to low - W/ the crowd - Does NOT require energy

Solvent & Solute Solvent = the liquid portion –i.e. the water in a salt water mixture Solute = the part that is mixed in –i.e. the salt in a salt water mixture

3 Types of Osmosis 1)Hypertonic Solution = > (greater) concentration of solute outside the cell than inside - Cell Shrink Latin root: Hyper = over, more, higher

3 Types of Osmosis 2) Hypotonic Solution = < (lower) concentration of solute outside the cell than inside - Cell Burst Latin root: Hypo = under, less, lower

3 Types of Osmosis 3) Isotonic Solution = concentration solute outside = concentration inside - Cell stays the same

Osmotic Pressure = pressure exerted on a cell membrane due to concentration gradient = different conc. on either side of the cell membrane

Egg Lab: Day 2 Answer questions 1-2 in complete sentence Hypothesis Day 2: “ I believe…” - Will the syrup level go up or down? - Will the egg get larger or smaller?

WARM UP: Thurs, Oct 3 In your 3 brad folder: What is the difference between a hypertonic solution & a hypotonic solution?

Cellular Processes Day 3

Objectives 1.Define active transport. 2.List the types of active transport. 3.Define concentration. 4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

Active Transport = movement of molecules against the concentration gradient ***Low to High*** –Against the crowd –REQUIRES energy –ATP = energy in cell ATP Requires Energy

Endosytosis = take materials into cell Latin root: endo = inner

Endosytosis Type 1: Phagosytosis = engulf and ingest particles = “cell eating” -EX: white blood cells eating invading bacteria cells

Type 2: Pinocytosis = ingest extracellular fluid & its contents = “cell drinking” –EX: human egg cells drinking nutrients from surrounding cells while maturing in ovary Endosytosis

Exosytosis = cell releases materials to the outside - discharge as membrane-bounded vesicles - pass through the cell membrane = “out of the cell” Latin root: Ex = outer, away from

Solution & Concentration Solution = mixture 2+ substances Concentration = amount of substance (solute) in liquid (solvent) –Cytoplasm = one concentration –Outside of cell = another concentration *** Want balance (homeostasis)***

Concentration Concentration gradient = unequal distribution on either side of a membrane Equilibrium = concentration same n both sides of cell

Egg Lab: Day 3 Answer questions 3-7 in complete sentences Hypothesis Day 3: “I believe…” -Will the water level go up or down? -Will the egg get larger or smaller?

WARM UP: Fri, Oct 4 In your 3 brad folder: Define the term equilibrium

Egg Lab: Day 4 - Answer questions 8-12 in complete sentences

Friday, Oct 4 Periods 1, 2, & 5 = Cell Process worksheets

WARM UP: Mon, Oct 7 In your 3 brad folder: What are the 3 macromolecules found in the plasma membrane?

Cellular Processes Day 4

Objectives 1. Describe the difference between positive (+) and negative (-) feedback. 2. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

Feedback Mechanism = loop system in which system responds in either: 1) same direction (positive feedback) 2) opposite direction (negative feedback)

Feedback Mechanism

Feedback Mechanisms Channels = allows larger particles to come in. (Gate/Door) Receptors = signal (Intercom) Markers = identify the type of cell (ID Badge)

Positive Feedback = results in amplification or growth of output signal Ex: If you eat a McDouble at McDonalds, a hormone is released to your brain to signal satiation. You will feel the same “happiness” each time you eat the hamburger.

Negative Feedback = results in system responding in the opposite direction EX: Regulation of blood glucose levels. –Blood glucose levels continue to rise –May result in diabetes EX: Sweating

Avid Thinking Strategy Map News! Title of News Article or Topic How does this Affect me? Name of Source Date Science Fact Conclusion Clues Evidence New Vocabulary Branch of Science

WARM UP: Tues, Oct 8 In your 3 brad folder:

Tues, Oct 8 Latin Roots Quiz & Osmosis/Diffusion Worksheets

Latin Roots Quiz 1.Bi = ______6. Macro = _____ 2.Mono = _____7. Endo = ______ 3.Bio = ______8. Hypo = ______ 4.Poly = ______9. Hyper = _____ 5.Di = ________10. Ex = _______ Bonus: Cyto = ______

WARM UP: Wed, Oct 9 In your 3 brad folder:

Wed, Oct 9 Stations Review

WARM UP: Thurs, Oct 10 In your 3 brad folder:

Thurs, Oct 10 Gems of Wisdom

WARM UP: Fri, Oct 11 In your 3 brad folder:

Fri, Oct 11 Test