Center for Diesel Research Plug in hybrid activities at the University of Minnesota David B. Kittelson Professor of Mechanical Engineering Director, Center for Diesel Research University of Minnesota November 17, 2006

Center for Diesel Research Nanoparticle formation –In the engine –In the atmosphere Fundamental studies –Role of metals in Diesel nanoparticle formation –C / Ce cluster Engine, Fuel and Nanoparticle Research Center for Diesel Research David B. Kittelson, Professor of Mechanical Engineering Director, Center for Diesel Research Renewable fuels, biodiesel, ethanol, to reduce CO 2 and ultrafine particles Sensors for real time control of ultrafine particles and NO x

Center for Diesel Research Plug in hybrid activities at U of M Ad-hoc plug in hybrid group –Mechanical, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering faculty –Local companies and government 3M, Xcel, Honeywell, Cummins, MN Dept. of Commerce Undergraduate plug in hybrid design class –Full performance series hybrid –Conceptual design only Center for Transportation Studies Conference, “Minnesota’s Stake in Plug in Hybrids,” January 18,2007

Center for Diesel Research Plug-in Hybrid Essentially a conventional hybrid with a larger battery and smaller engine –20 to 60 mile range on battery for daily commuting –300 to 400 mile range on small engine for cross country travel –For normal commuting engine is never used operates on overnight recharge –Engine could run on conventional or renewable fuels This approach has nearly all the advantages of a pure electric vehicle but eliminates its main flaw – a large expensive battery

Center for Diesel Research Types of plug in hybrid vehicles Parallel From: http//

Center for Diesel Research Types of plug in hybrid vehicles Series From: http//

Center for Diesel Research Types of plug in hybrid vehicles Series-Parallel From: http//

Center for Diesel Research Types of electric hybrid vehicle concepts Parallel - engine and electric motor generator work in parallel. –Usually large engine –Relatively small electric motor –Honda Insight, Civic Series – engine drive generator, electric motor drives wheels. –Must have full performance electric drive. –May have smaller engine. –Most suited to plug in hybrid –Close relative of electric vehicle Series-parallel – combination of above. –Toyota Prius, Ford Escape Other hybrid types use hydraulic and flywheel energy storage – but they are another story

Center for Diesel Research University of Minnesota’s interests in plug in hybrids GM and Toyota are believed to be developing plug in hybrid vehicles We can’t compete with them in building vehicles, but… There are many fundamental problems to be solved –Batteries and associated controls –High power energy storage –Electric motor generators and controls –Advanced pollution control strategies for small hybrid engines –Intelligent vehicles

Center for Diesel Research Plug-in Hybrid vs. H 2