Imperialism in Asia China and Japan. Change Over Time: World Imperialism.

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Imperialism in Asia China and Japan

Change Over Time: World Imperialism

Imperialism in Asia n The Crusades & Age of Exploration caused interest in Asia because of the exotic goods like silk, spices, & gold treasure box n Asia was the “treasure box” for explorers & imperialists: trade –In the 1500s, European trade with Asia began imperialism –In the 1800s, European imperialism in Asia began

Imperialism in China

n In the 1500s, China was an advanced & powerful empire that was not interested in Western ideas or trade but grew weak from due to European imperialism opium n England traded opium for Chinese tea, silk, porcelain which destroyed the Chinese population –Chinese government was not happy (letter to Queen Victoria)

Opium in China

Imperialism in China Opium Wars n The Chinese government was so upset, they went to war against in England in 1842 (called the Opium Wars) n England won & forced China to sign a series of unequal trade treaties: Hong Kong –England gained Hong Kong extraterritoriality –Gained extraterritoriality spheres of influence –Gained spheres of influence English merchants can ignore Chinese laws England gained exclusive trade rights in certain ports

China Chopped & Changed n Other European countries used China’s loss in the Opium Wars to gain spheres of influence in China n United States called for an Open Door Policy—China should be open to all nations for trade

What can China do about foreigners? self-strengthening –Some wanted self-strengthening (adopting Western ideas & using them to make the Chinese army & gov’t stronger) –Some chose to rebel against these foreigners (Like the Boxer Rebellion in 1901 to get rid of all foreigners)

Imperialism in Japan

Video

Japan: Like China, but Different! n From 1600 to 1800, Japan was ruled by a feudal shogun & remained isolated from Europe Matthew Perry n In 1853, American Matthew Perry arrived with the U.S. navy & forced Japan to sign trade treaties –Treaty of Kanagawa

US Arrival in Japan (look at the difference in ships!)

Perry’s “Black Ships”

What Did the U. S. Want??  Coaling stations  trading partner  A haven for ship- wrecked sailors

Imperialism in Japan n Japan leaders learned from the mistakes of China & did not fight back; instead Japan modernized: –Meiji Emperor –Meiji (“Enlightened”) Emperor –The new gov’t began to industrialize and increased the Japanese army

Meiji Reforms Abolition of the feudal system Land Redistribution Human Rights & Religious Freedom Build a Modern Navy (British) Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.) Modernize the Army (Prussian) Emperor Worship Intensified Written Constitution (Germans) Modern Banking System

European- style factory New slogan: Japanese Spirit: Western Technology! New slogan: Japanese Spirit: Western Technology!

Rich Nation, Strong Military n Japan became a leading world power & started to imperialize in Asia: –Defeated China (Sino-Japanese War) & Russia (Russo-Japanese War) to gain a new colony—Korea

Japan Annexes Korea

Japan Is a Player in China

But, Japanese Power Would Grow...