Chapter 1 Test Review Social Studies 7 February 13, 2012 Ms. Radebaugh

Terms & Five Themes ► Continents: Seven large land masses ► Weather: Conditions in one place at a specific time ► Earthquakes: Caused by the shifting of the earth’s plates ► Geography: Study of earth and its people ► Landform: Natural feature like plains or mountains

Terms & 5 Themes Continued… ► Climate: Conditions over a long period of time ► Region: An area with a unifying characteristic, either physical or human ► Location: Can be exact or relative; where something is on the earth ► Place: Physical & human characteristics of an area

Terms & 5 Themes Continued… ► Movement: The transfer of goods, people, ideas, etc. ► Interaction: How humans alter their surroundings to meet their needs

Maps ► Globe: Most accurate map of all ► Hemisphere: Half the earth ► Physical map: Shows landforms ► Longitude: Measures distances east & west of the Prime Meridian ► Robinson Projection: Flat map – rounded at the poles

Maps Continued… ► Thematic Map: Shows things like climate, resources, population, etc. ► Latitude: Measures distances north & south of the equator ► Political Map: Shows cities & borders ► Satellites: Used today to make accurate maps ► Mercator Projection: Flat map – severely distorts the poles

Studying History: ► Anthropologist: Studies culture, which is the way of life of a group of people. ► Archaeologist: Learns about early people by excavating (digging up) and studying the traces of early settlements

Why do we study history? ► History is studied in order to learn about the past, and how it affects us today

Primary & Secondary Sources ► Primary Source: Something written/created by a person who witnessed a historical event ► Secondary Source: Written/created AFTER a historical event, by a person who did not witness the event

Mary & Louis Leakey ► Found Homo Habilis fossils in east Africa ► Their discoveries showed that hominid evolution began in Africa and that Homo Habilis was our ancestor.

Periods of Prehistoric Time ► Earliest: Paleolithic ► Middle: Mesolithic ► Latest (most recent to us): Neolithic

Development of Hominids: ► Earliest: Homo Habilis ► Middle: Homo Erectus ► Latest (including us): Homo Sapiens

Oldest Discovered Hominids ► Ardipithicus – “Ardi” About 4.4 million years old ► Australopithecine – “Lucy” About 3.5 million years old