MERLIN TIMI 36 M ETABOLIC E FFICIENCY WITH R ANOLAZINE FOR L ESS I SCHEMIA IN N STE ACS

Ranolazine in Ischemic Heart Disease Background Anti-anginal & anti-ischemic effects without clinically significant effect on HR or BP Approved for treatment of chronic angina –  exercise time,  angina in selected pts Novel mechanism of action –Inhibition of late I Na   Ca 2+ overload   adverse energetic, mechanical, electrical consequences Experimental evidence –  LV performance during ischemia –  recovery of LV function,  infarct size Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Ranolazine in Ischemic Heart Disease Background Ranolazine associated with an  in QTc (average ~5 msec) However, experimental data suggest suppression of pro-arrhythmic markers Indication in chronic angina: “Because ranolazine prolongs the QT interval, it should be reserved for patients who have not achieved an adequate response with other anti-anginal drugs.” Need for additional safety information Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Objectives Study Design MERLIN-TIMI 36 Three major aims Acute Coronary Syndrome  major CV events? 1) ACUTE EFFICACY Chronic Management  recurrent ischemia? 2) CHRONIC EFFICACY 3) SAFETY Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

UA/NSTEMI (Moderate-High Risk) Ranolazine IV to PO Placebo Matched IV/PO RANDOMIZE (1:1) Double-blind Holter Long-term Follow-up (Median 348 Days) Standard Therapy N = 6560 Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

1)Hospitalized with NSTE ACS 2)Ischemic sx at rest within 48h 3)At least 1 indicator of moderate-high risk   cTn (MI limit) or CK-MB (ULN) or  ST-depression  0.1 mV or  Diabetes Mellitus (insulin or oral rx) or  TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI  3 Major Inclusion Criteria Study Design Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Must be enrolled prior to revascularization (if planned)Must be enrolled prior to revascularization (if planned) Pulmonary edema requiring intubation, sustained SBP < 90 mmHg or shockPulmonary edema requiring intubation, sustained SBP < 90 mmHg or shock Use of drugs known to  QTUse of drugs known to  QT Clinically significant hepatic disease or end-stage renal diseaseClinically significant hepatic disease or end-stage renal disease Major Exclusion Criteria Study Design Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Primary Endpoint composite of Cardiovascular death New or recurrent MI Recurrent ischemia Major Secondary Endpoints CVD, MI, severe recurrent ischemia CVD, MI, severe recurrent ischemia, positive Holter (30 day endpoint) Endpoints Study Design All elements of 1° endpoint adjudicated by blinded CEC Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Recurrent Ischemia defined by 1.Rest pain with ischemic ECG , or 2.Prompting revascularization, or 3.Rehospitalization for UA, or 4.Worsening angina/ischemia (  CCS Class) requiring intensification of rx Ischemia Endpoint Definition Study Design CCS = Canadian Cardiovascular Society Severe RI Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Death from any causeDeath from any cause Symptomatic documented arrhythmiaSymptomatic documented arrhythmia Clinically significant arrhythmias during Holter monitoringClinically significant arrhythmias during Holter monitoring Major Safety Endpoints Study Design Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Baseline Characteristics RANOLAZINE (N=3,279) Results Age (yrs, median) Female (%) Diabetes (%) Prior MI Prior CHF PLACEBO (N=3,281) Sx to rando (median, hrs) NSTEMI (%) ST   1mm (%) TRS  4 (%) Presentation Enrollment October 2004 to May lost to F/U Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Concomitant Treatment RANOLAZINE (N=3,279) Results Aspirin (%) Heparin (UFH/LMWH) (%) Thienopyridine (%) Beta-blocker (%) Statin (%) ACEI/ARB (%) Oral nitrates (%) PLACEBO (N=3,281) Early Invasive (%) Coronary angio (%) Hospitalization and/or discharge Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Primary Endpoint Results CV Death, MI, or Recurrent Ischemia (%) Days from Randomization HR 0.92 (95% CI 0.83 to 1.02) P = 0.11 Ranolazine 21.8%* (N=3,279) Placebo 23.5%* (N=3,281) *KM cumulative incidence (%) at 12 months Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Components of Primary Endpoint Results CV Death or MI (%)Recurrent Ischemia (%) Days from Randomization Ranolazine 13.9%* (N=3,279) Placebo 16.1%* (N=3,281) HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.99) P = Ranolazine 10.4%* Placebo 10.5%* HR 0.99 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.15) P = Days from Randomization *KM Cumulative Incidence (%) at 12 months Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Additional Efficacy Endpoints* RANOLAZINE (N=3,279) Results CVD, MI, Severe RI Failure of therapy  30-day endpoint** CV Death MI PLACEBO (N=3,281) HRp-value *KM Cumulative Incidence (%) at 12 months  CV Death, MI, RI, Holter ischemia, New/worsening HF, Early +ETT **CV Death, MI, severe RI, Holter ischemia 0.96 p = p = p = p = p = 0.76 Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Components of Recurrent Ischemia Results FAVORS RANOLAZINEFAVORS PLACEBO Cardiovascular Death MI Recurrent Ischemia with ECG  hospitalization w/ UA  revascularization worsening angina Endpoint Hazard Ratio (95% CI) HR p-value Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Assessment of Anti-anginal Effects RANOLAZINE (N=3,279) Results PLACEBO (N=3,281) *KM Cumulative Incidence at 12 months 23%  P = %  P = % % Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Efficacy Results in Major Subgroups Results FAVORS RANOLAZINEFAVORS PLACEBO SexMen Women Age<75 yo >=75 yo DiabetesNo DM DM Subgroup Primary EP (CVD/MI/RI)N TIMI Risk STD ≥ 1mmNo Yes OVERALL6,560 4,269 2,291 5,405 1,155 4,340 2,220 3,603 2,957 4,255 2,304 P-interaction Index EventUA NSTEMI 3,067 3, Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Major Safety Endpoints RANOLAZINE (N=3,268*) Results Death - any cause (N) Sudden cardiac death Symptomatic Documented arrhythmia Clinically significant arrhythmia  on Holter PLACEBO (N=3,273*) % HR P-value *safety analysis cohort (received at least one dose)  VT ≥ 3 beats, SVT >120bpm, new AF, brady 2.5s % 0.99p = p = p = p<0.001 Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Tolerability RANOLAZINE (N=3,268) Results Dizziness (%) Nausea Constipation Asthenia Syncope* PLACEBO (N=3,273) Adverse events >4% p = *Includes vasovagal syncope Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

An 8% relative  in the primary endpoint w/ ranolazine was not statistically significantAn 8% relative  in the primary endpoint w/ ranolazine was not statistically significant No effect on CV death or MINo effect on CV death or MI Supportive evidence for efficacy as an anti-anginal in broader population than ever studied beforeSupportive evidence for efficacy as an anti-anginal in broader population than ever studied before –23%  in worsening angina –20%  in advancement of anti-anginal rx Conclusions Conclusions Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297:

Results reassuring with respect to each of the major safety endpointsResults reassuring with respect to each of the major safety endpoints –No adverse trend in all-cause mortality or arrhythmia Potential anti-arrhythmic effects of ranolazine (inhibitor of late Na + current) suggested by  in arrhythmias (Holter) warrant additional investigationPotential anti-arrhythmic effects of ranolazine (inhibitor of late Na + current) suggested by  in arrhythmias (Holter) warrant additional investigation Conclusions (cont.) Conclusions Morrow DA et al. JAMA 2007; 297: