Introduction: Introduction: Essence of tourism phenomenon

What composes the essence of the tourism phenomenon? Culture and arts – food, souvenir, folk performance, festivals, customs, etc. Heritage and tradition – development history, the past, life style, etc. Modernity and fashion – the changing face, the fashion glamour, the architecture style, etc. Leisure and recreation – amusement parks, nightclubs, etc. Environment and natural resources – Mai Po Mangrove Trees Natural Reserve, outlaying islands, etc. Geography? Sociology? Anthropology? Psychology? etc? Movement, interaction, relationship of people from difference places

COLOUR OF LIFE TOURISM IS COLOUR OF LIFE it reflects various aspects of the CULTURE of a society

What is associated with tourism business? Catering services (food and beverage) Hotels (accommodation) Airlines, buses, cruise ship, etc (transportation) The Peak, markets and fishing villages, natural reserves, etc. (attractions and sightseeing) Souvenirs, arts and crafts, fashion clothes, etc. (retail business of various kinds) Hospitality (host’s attitude, service, smile, etc.???)

It’s tourist dollars: A PILLAR of our economy! So, tourism is both a socio-cultural and economic phenomenon!

GEOG2056 Tourism and the Shrinking World #1.2 Geography and Cross-disciplinary Approaches to Tourism Studies Lecture Objectives: introduce the spatial system of tourism examine the range & contents of tourism geography review cross-disciplinary nature of tourism study References Mill, R. C & Morrison, A. M. (2006) The Tourism System Dubuque, Iowa, U.S.A.: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company (Chapter 15) Belén Gómez Martín, M. (2005). Weather, Climate and Tourism: a Geographical Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research 32 (3): ).

The Core of Geographic Study Place Space Time humans and, environment

THE SPATIAL SYSTEM OF TOURISM Please refer to your text book (Mill & Morrison 2006, pp. 364)

What are the 3 major elements of tourism system? Tourist Place: origin / demand Resource Place: destination / supply Travel industry Service: product distribution channel / sale

Effects of geographic conditions on tourism Tourist (ORIGIN): - generation - movement - scale - behavior Resource (DESTINATION) - formation - value - exploitation Industry (CHANNEL) - development within the limit of: *generating market * resource * various aspects of the economic geography of the tourism system

Basic terms of tourism geography Geography of recreation and tourism Recreation geography Leisure geography 觀光地理 旅游地理 *It is a study of how tourism activities are geographically constructed and socially and/or economically related

Cross-disciplinary nature of tourism study 1)Physical geography: Modeling Tourism Development Process Resort Life Cycle Modeling Travel, Transportation & Tourist Behavior Routing Systems and modes of travel

2) Human/cultural geography and theories Cultural Geography Cultural Ecology / Anthropo-geography ( hosts vs, guests ) New Cultural Geography Sense of Place Tourism as a part of the larger place experience Why Travel ? -- The Meaning of Travel

3) Applied Tourism Geography (Public sector) Government: & Quasi-governmental Work Public-oriented Tourism Agencies Local, National & Regional Governments NGOs / Non-Profit Groups - Public-Private Partnerships Tourism for The Common Good Relation / impact on community – Public Participation Community Development Economic Development Societal Guidance Rational Planning Objective Advice to Elected Decision Makers Environmental / Natural Resource Management Ecotourism, Adventure Tourism, Outdoor Recreation

4) Applied Tourism Geography (Private sector) Tourism Businesses Marketing Destination Mix Place Perception, Motivations & Behavior models Tour and Travel Agencies Product Development - built on Regional Geography