Gorman, Stubbs, & CEP Inc. 1 Introduction to Operating Systems Lesson 1 Introduction to Operating Systems

2 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Objectives Define the term “operating system.” Explain the three different types of user interfaces. Identify the common physical components of your computer. Understand how the operating system handles resources.

3 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Objectives (continued) Understand how the operating system handles files. Discuss the evolution of the microcomputer and operating systems.

4 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems What Is an Operating System? It is a collection of system programs that allows the user to run program software to perform tasks. The operating system manages hardware. It provides resources to the programs that it manages.

5 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems The Three Types of User Interfaces 1. Command-line user interface 2. Menu-based user interface 3. Graphical user interface

6 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Common Hardware Components CPU RAM ROM BIOS Motherboard Keyboard Pointing Device

7 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Classifications of Hardware Input Devices – Keyboard – Pointing devices – Scanner – Voice devices Output Devices – Monitor – Printer Processing Storage Types – Tapes – Disks – Hard disks

8 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Basic Functionalities of the Operating System Resource management Memory management File management

9 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Resource Management Booting the system Shutting down the system Multitasking

10 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Memory Management RAM Virtual memory

11 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems File Management Storage devices Storage mediums File types Finding files Copying and moving files Deleting files

12 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Evolution of Computers Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of computing. – Mainframes – Minicomputers – Microcomputers

13 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Operating Systems Windows – 9x – NT – ME – 2000 – XP MAC OSX Linux Novell

14 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Summary An operating system is a collection of system programs that allows the user to run program software. It manages hardware and other programs. There are three basic types of user interfaces: command-line user interfaces, menu-based user interfaces, and graphical user interfaces (GUI). All modern computers have the following components: CPU, RAM, ROM, BIOS, motherboard, and keyboard.

15 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Summary (continued) An operating system manages resources in many ways. Its main functions are starting up, shutting down, multitasking and allocating CPU cycles, and changing the way it works by using extensions and managing memory. An operating system also manages files. Its main functions are utilizing the different storage devices available, recognizing and using the different file types, navigating and finding files, and copying and moving files as needed.

16 Lesson 1 – Introduction to Operating Systems Summary (continued) The evolution of the modern personal computer and its operating system has occurred over the past half- century and will continue into the future.