Ch. 3 Terms

Guest Workers Def: Individuals who migrate temporarily for job opportunities & to send back money (remittances) Ex: Mexican GWs in the US & Canada; Turkish GWs in Germany

Internal Migration Def: migration within a country Ex: the Great Migration was voluntary, while the Trail of Tears was forced

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) People who were forced to leave their home due to conflict or human rights abuses (but do not leave their country). Ex: Columbia and the Sudan have large numbers of IDPs

Interregional Migration Def: Migration from one region to another Ex: Many have left the Rust Belt for the Sun Belt

Intraregional Migration Def: Migration within a region Ex: urbanization, suburbanization and exurbanization

Ernst Ravenstein Developed the Laws of Migration Ex: distance decay, counterflow, pull factors, males are more likely to migrate internationally

Urban Migration Def: Migration to the cities Ex: Typical for stage 2 & 3 countries

Suburbanization Def: Movement from the city to the city’s periphery Ex: started with the popularity of the car and intensified after WWII

Transmigration Def: the removal of people from one part of the country to another Ex: Indonesia forced people on the overpopulated island of Java to migrate to less populated islands

Brain Drain Def: when the skilled and educated workforce leaves a country for better job opportunities Ex: many educated Indains & Chinese come to the US

Gendered Space Def: the idea that space is not always viewed or accessible to both genders equally Ex: women are more likely to live in urban settings (poorer, single moms live by work/school & elderly women)

Migration Selectivity Def: who is more or less likely to migrate Ex: the educated and younger, childless adults are the most mobile

Migration Streams Def: migration patterns between places Sig: patterns often develop because of chain migration

Migration Counterstreams Def: the return of migrants to their original location Sig: 20% of US migration is a return to one’s state of birth

Migration Transition Def: migration tends to reflect a country’s stage of the DTM (Zelinsky) Stage 1= no migration Stage 2 = migration to stage 3/4 Stage 3 = urbanization or stage 4 Stage 4 = suburbanization Stage 5 = receive guest workers

Place Utility Def: The desirability of a place based on its social, economic, or environmental situation Sig: used to compare the value of living in different locations.

Refugees Def: individuals who are forced to cross international boundaries to seek safety or asylum Ex: Tutsis and moderate Hutus fled Rwanda during the genocide

Sun Belt Def: Region from California to Florida Sig: migrants have moved to the SB for jobs, lower costs and nicer weather

Rust Belt Def: former Steel Belt (upper Midwest) Sig: many are leaving the Rust Belt for the Steel Belt

US Quota Acts of 1921 & ‘24 Def: it limited the number of immigrants overall and favored Northwestern European immigrants Sig: it was a reaction to the large number of Eastern and Southern European immigrants