idealist theory of development aida l. roma cruz cd 202 aug 15, 2013

Models -Bible -More’s Utopia -Plato’s Republic -Hegel’s ideal state -Confucianism -Taoism

- bi8bljkjj Bible -Genesis 2: And the Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed. 9 And out of the ground the Lord God made to spring up every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. The tree of life was in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. 10 A river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and there it divided and became four rivers. 11 The name of the first is the Pishon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. 12 And the gold of that land is good; bdellium and onyx stone are there. 13 The name of the second river is the Gihon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Cush. 14 And the name of the third river is the Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates. -In this passage, it suggest that man and nature are in harmony; no selfish intention; no malice -Equality

- bi8bljkjj More’s Utopia Sir Thomas More - 7 February 1478 – 6 July English lawyer; renaissance humanist; author; statesman -Canonized in 1935 by Pope Pius XI (martyr of schism) -Declared as ‘heavenly patron of statesmen and politicians’ in 2000 by Pope John Paul II -Tried for treason -Convicted on perjured testimony and beheaded

- bi8bljkjj Utopia - published describing a fictional island society in the Atlantic Ocean. -a community or society possessing highly desirable or perfect qualities; a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions:  All the citizens participate with all equality in activities related to food, clothing, housing, education, philosophy, government, war and even religion.  The population is kept constant so as not to permit the shortage of resources which is being maintained.  War is waged only in self-defense or to relieved the oppressed

More’s Utopia -his response to the economic ills of 16 th century Europe where:  so much inequality prevailed  wealth was concentrated in the hands of the few  majority was impoverished The basic doctrine embodied I this theory are: Man has always sought his vision of a better life; perennially dissatisfied with what he has and perennially long for what he lacks; and men are to live happily altogether.

- bi8bljkjj Plato’s Republic Plato -Greek philosopher -Mathematician -Student of Socrates, teacher of Aristotle

- bi8bljkjj Plato’s Republic The Republic -Socratic dialogue, written around 380 BC -his best-known work and has proven to be one of the most intellectually and historically influential works of philosophy and political theory -one of the earliest conceptions of utopia

Plato’s Republic -aim to reform the Greek society -its basic doctrine is that men varied in abilities, mental capacity and temperaments -divided the people into 3 classes as 1 st step of reorganization of the state  Guardians – governing class  Auxiliaries - army  Masses- artisans, industrial and agricultural workers

Plato’s Republic Guardians - governing class who are morally and intellectually superior - unselfish and oblivious to financial gain and even happiness - to preserve their virtue, they are forbidden to hold property or to have families Auxiliaries - enforcing the guardian’s orders and for protecting the commonwealth Masses - they receive common education All are required to share their food, houses and goods. Everyone takes his meal at public tables.

Critique -viable during the existence of communal societies -detached from present reality; tend to divert from the real and current situation -unrealistic blueprint, imaginary society -dwells on past glories (i.e. garden of eden) -does not fit to the present changing situation of the Philippines