Experience in the Education Sector and Lessons Learned Africa Region HIV/AIDS Consultation Workshop Addis Ababa, Ethiopia February 14-18, 2005 Donald Bundy The World Bank

Education and HIV/AIDS source: UNAIDS A WINDOW OF HOPE?

A Social Vaccine? HIV prevalence by education category, Rural Uganda, Individuals aged De Walque and J Whitworth, MRC Uganda (2002)

HIV/AIDS and Education Paradox 1. Education is one of the most effective “social vaccines” to prevent HIV/AIDS 2. HIV/AIDS destroys education systems

Key Elements of Education Response to HIV/AIDS Achieve EFA – focus on girls’ education Achieve EFA – focus on girls’ education – focus on vulnerable children – focus on vulnerable children Prevention Education – a life skills based approach Prevention Education – a life skills based approach Management & Planning that responds to the impact of AIDS Management & Planning that responds to the impact of AIDS – HIV/AIDS indicators in M&E – Projections of impact Work Place Policies – access to VCT, care and treatment Work Place Policies – access to VCT, care and treatment – discrimination and stigmatization – zero tolerance of abuse

Education Sector Funding of the Response to HIV/AIDS: Review of 38 Education projects in Africa Region /38 (33%) did not mention HIV/AIDS at all 12/38 (33%) did not mention HIV/AIDS at all 15/38 (40%) did not include a budget for HIV/AIDS 15/38 (40%) did not include a budget for HIV/AIDS 22/38 (58%) did not include detailed plans of the response to HIV/AIDS 22/38 (58%) did not include detailed plans of the response to HIV/AIDS 16/38 (42%) specified HIV/AIDS program and budget

Percent of Bank Education Projects ( ) supporting HIV/AIDS Interventions 0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%50% EMIS Tertiary Education Orphans & OVCs Treatment/Care/ Counsel/Test Workplace Policy Teacher Training Curriculum/ Prevention/Awareness

Percent of Total MAP Funds Disbursed By Number of Days Since Project Effectiveness. DRAFT: Accelerating the education sector response to HIV/AIDS in Africa. Review of Bank Financing. Author Anne Bakilana 2/4/2005

Allocation of MAP Resources to the Education Sector HIV/AIDS Response (August 2004) 13/22 (60%) of NACs did not disburse to education 13/22 (60%) of NACs did not disburse to education 9/22 (40%) of NACs disbursed >1% to education 9/22 (40%) of NACs disbursed >1% to education 4/22 (18%) of NACs disbursed >5% to education 4/22 (18%) of NACs disbursed >5% to education

Reported Constraints on Education Funding by MAP Weak commitment and insufficient capacity of MOE Weak commitment and insufficient capacity of MOE NACs/NASs may not fully recognize the role of the education sector NACs/NASs may not fully recognize the role of the education sector In 90% of cases, absence of an education sector strategy for HIV/AIDS prior to MAP effectiveness In 90% of cases, absence of an education sector strategy for HIV/AIDS prior to MAP effectiveness No education specialist was involved in MAP preparation No education specialist was involved in MAP preparation

Relationship between MAP and Education Funding All 9 countries where the education response is funded by the MAP are also funded by education resources All 9 countries where the education response is funded by the MAP are also funded by education resources At least 7 countries have education sector plans and resources for HIV/AIDS, but no MAP funding At least 7 countries have education sector plans and resources for HIV/AIDS, but no MAP funding No country has an education sector response to HIV/AIDS initiated and funded by the MAP No country has an education sector response to HIV/AIDS initiated and funded by the MAP

Key Correlates with an Effective Education Sector Response: A mix of resources – education sector, MAP, other NAC resources A mix of resources – education sector, MAP, other NAC resources A strong education sector plan A strong education sector plan Strong coordination between the NAC and the education sector teams Strong coordination between the NAC and the education sector teams Participate in the UNAIDS effort to “Accelerate the Education Sector Response to HIV/AIDS” Participate in the UNAIDS effort to “Accelerate the Education Sector Response to HIV/AIDS”

Key Messages Going Forward The World Bank needs motivated and knowledgeable task team leaders The World Bank needs motivated and knowledgeable task team leaders The NAC teams need to be more pro-active and focused on a multi-sectoral approach The NAC teams need to be more pro-active and focused on a multi-sectoral approach The education sector needs to take a strong lead in developing effective responses to HIV/AIDS, using MAP funds and participating in the UNAIDS “Accelerate” program The education sector needs to take a strong lead in developing effective responses to HIV/AIDS, using MAP funds and participating in the UNAIDS “Accelerate” program

UNAIDS InterAgency Task Team on Education (IATT)

Accelerating the Education Sector Response to HIV/AIDS in Africa Share information and build capacity Share information and build capacity Strengthen stakeholder coordination Strengthen stakeholder coordination Build networks Build networks Develop effective education sector plans Develop effective education sector plans

Development Partners include: UN System: UNESCO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, UNDP, UNFPA, ILO, WFP, WHO, World Bank… Bilateral donors: UK, USA, Norway, Canada, Ireland… Civil Society: Association for the Development of Education in Africa, Mobile Task Team, Education International – teacher unions, Partnership for Child Development …

Accelerating the Education Sector Response to HIV/AIDS in Africa Accélérer la Réponse du Secteur de L’éducation au VIH/SIDA en Afrique UNAIDS InterAgency Task Team on Education ONUSIDA L’équipe Inter-agences pour L’éducation

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