Sport Books Publisher1 Weight Management: Finding a Healthy Balance Chapter 12

Sport Books Publisher2 Objectives To discuss the differences between overweight and obesity and implications for health To present the concept of caloric balance in weight control To examine the role of exercise and lifestyle modification in maintaining a healthy weight To gain familiarity with the consequences of dieting and eating disorders To set and evaluate personal goals for maintaining a healthy weight

Sport Books Publisher3 Introduction More than 50 percent of American adults are considered overweight or obese More than 30 percent of American children are considered overweight or obese

Sport Books Publisher4 Introduction Physical activity has been engineered out of day-to-day life The food environment has become more “toxic” by the day Eating disorders have emerged due to social pressures to be thin

Sport Books Publisher5 Energy-Balance Equation

Sport Books Publisher6 Energy-Balance Equation Body weight is influenced by: Energy expended through physical activity Energy gained through dietary intake  Energy is measured in kilocalories (kcal)  This is expressed by the ‘energy- balance equation’

Sport Books Publisher7 The left side represents energy consumed The right side represents energy expended through physical activity or exercise This situation depicts a balanced energy equation – a stable weight is achieved Energy consumed = Energy expended Weight Stability 2000 kcal

Sport Books Publisher8 Energy consumed beyond the body’s needs are stored as fat Weight gain occurs when energy consumed exceeds energy expended through physical activity Energy consumed > Energy expended 2300 kcal 1840 kcal Weight Gain

Sport Books Publisher9 Energy expended through physical activity must exceed energy consumed for weight loss to occur Energy consumed < Energy expended 2000 kcal 2400 kcal Weight Loss

Sport Books Publisher10 Energy-Balance Equation Some people want to put on a few pounds to look better, or to “bulk up” for athletic events Healthy weight gain is best achieved through a regimen of increasing (healthy) food intake while participating in a strength training program to develop lean muscle tissue

Sport Books Publisher11 Energy Needs of the Body A large amount of energy must be consumed by the body in order to carry out vital functions such as: Blood circulation Respiration Brain activity

Sport Books Publisher12 Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) The minimum amount of energy the body requires to carry on all vital functions