World Studies The Birth of Islam

The Beginning of Islam Begins on the Arabian Peninsula, in modern day Saudi Arabia around 600 A.D. A young merchant named Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca (570 A.D.) and at the age of 40, heard the voice of the angel Gabriel calling him to be the messenger of God. This is the beginning of Islam, which means “submission” in Arabic.

Muhammad’s life At first, very few people listened to the preaching of Muhammad. He preached against false gods and the ills of society. He left Mecca for the city of Medinah where thousands converted to Islam. Eventually, he returned to Mecca and destroyed false idols in the Kabba, a temple thought to have been built by Adam. Muhammad dies in 632, but Islam continues to spread.

Teachings of Islam Islam is monotheistic…same as Judaism and Christianity. The Quran (Koran) is the sacred text of Islam. Word of God revealed to Muhammed. Final authority on all matters A complete guide to life, not just God. Five Pillars of Islam Declaration of Faith Daily prayer Charity to the poor Fasting during Ramadan Pilgrimage, or hajj, to Mecca.

Teachings of Islam Jihad- means to struggle in God’s service…some view the struggle as internal, some as external. Sunni Muslims believe that Muhammad’s successors did not need to be descended from him. (80-90 % today) Shiite Muslims believe that only Muhammad’s ancestors should be spiritual leaders. (10-20%)

The Kaaba in Mecca

Mecca during Ramadan