The Nervous System.

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Presentation transcript:

The Nervous System

Regions of the Brain Cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum) Diencephalon Brain stem Cerebellum

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.12b

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Cerebral Hemispheres (Cerebrum) Paired (left and right) superior parts of the brain Includes more than half of the brain mass The surface is made of ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci)

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.13a

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Lobes of the cerebrum Fissures (deep grooves) divide the cerebrum into lobes Surface lobes of the cerebrum Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.13b

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Specialized areas of the cerebrum Primary somatic sensory area Receives impulses from the body’s sensory receptors Located in parietal lobe Primary motor area Sends impulses to skeletal muscles Located in frontal lobe Broca’s area Involved in our ability to speak

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.13c

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.14

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Cerebral areas involved in special senses Gustatory area (taste) Visual area Auditory area Olfactory area

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Interpretation areas of the cerebrum Speech/language region Language comprehension region General interpretation area

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Figure 7.13c

Regions of the Brain: Cerebrum Layers of the cerebrum Gray matter—outer layer in the cerebral cortex composed mostly of neuron cell bodies White matter—fiber tracts deep to the gray matter Corpus callosum connects hemispheres Basal nuclei—islands of gray matter buried within the white matter

Regions of the Brain: Diencephalon Sits on top of the brain stem Enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres Made of three parts Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus

Regions of the Brain: Diencephalon Figure 7.12b

Regions of the Brain: Diencephalon Figure 7.16b

Regions of the Brain: Brain Stem Attaches to the spinal cord Parts of the brain stem Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata

Regions of the Brain: Brain Stem Medulla Oblongata The lowest part of the brain stem Merges into the spinal cord Includes important fiber tracts Contains important control centers Heart rate control Blood pressure regulation Breathing Swallowing Vomiting

Regions of the Brain: Reticular Formation of the Brain Stem Figure 7.16b

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