Credit to Matthew Baumann for much of the content of this powerpoint.

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Credit to Matthew Baumann for much of the content of this powerpoint

Emperor elevated to new status Created a Constitutional Monarchy Supported by Shintoism Japan Develops Army based on Germany. Develops Navy based on England’s

1894—Took Taiwan away from China In 1910, occupied Korea From 1894 on had resources from Manchuria

In the 1930s Worker’s Real Income was down and unemployment was up Depression blamed on the weakness of the parliamentary government. When Germany became strong under Hitler, some Japanese started looking to Germany as their model Gradually began to demand an “Asia for the Asians”

Militarism = the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests. After World War I, Japan saw itself as the dominant power in the East It began to pursue policies that would increase their territory and their influence in Asia Ultimately, these policies would lead to the outbreak of war in the Pacific

Economics Japan was in desperate need of natural resources to fuel its industry and military Extreme Nationalism Many Japanese citizens believed that Japan was the most superior country in Asia and therefore had the right to rule everyone else Acts by Western Powers Several actions by Western powers were motivated by the belief that Japan was not equal; these insults fueled imperialistic desires in Japan

In 1931 Japan invaded the northern area of China, Manchuria, which had huge deposits of natural resources like coal The League of Nations did nothing

After a few years, Japanese forces moved south and invaded China During this invasion they took control of the Chinese capital, Nanking (also written as Nanjing—same place)

During the invasion, the people of Nanking were treated horribly by the Japanese soldiers

Though Japan had an emperor, the military had taken control of the government by this time Emperor Hirohito could not stand up to the powerful generals, but he was worshipped by the people, who often fought in his name The military leader of Japan was General Hideki Tojo

Next, Japan began to look towards Southeast Asia for more resources Their quest for territory and resources in this part of Asia would lead the US to become involved with stopping their expansion But more on that later….

How to deal with China Very threatened by Soviet Union Didn’t want to antagonize the United States Coveted Vietnam, Dutch East Indies and other areas in Southeast Asia Believed that Southeast Asia should be ruled by Asians, mainly them They lose the Battle of Nomonhan to Soviet Union.

Tripartite Pact Hitler starts thinking about invading Soviet Union

April 13, 1941—Japan concludes treaty of neutrality with USSR. June 22, 1941—Hitler invades Soviet Union June 23, 1941—German controlled France agrees to let Japan take over Vietnam. US places total embargo after Vietnam and Dutch East Indies occupied by Japan.

December 7, 1941— Japan bombs Pearl Harbor Admiral Yamamoto terrified to learn that Air Craft Carriers not hurt Hitler declares war on US

Japan attacked the Philippines in December The Philippines fell in May The Japanese troops forced the sick, malnourished American soldiers to march 55 miles. After a trip on a railway, they had to march another 8 miles. 7,000 American and Filipino troops died during the grueling journey.

America did a bombing raid in April of 1942 by launching bombers from aircraft carriers. Bombed Tokyo Japan was embarrassed, and resolved to destroy aircraft carriers, and began to plan to attack Midway

May 1942: Japan moves to take Port Moresby in New Guinea. May 7-8: U.S. and Japanese aircraft carriers engage in battle. U.S. and Japanese planes attacked ships. Ships did not directly battle Battle was a draw, but since Japan withdrew it was a strategic victory for the U.S.

1942: If Japan took Midway, U.S. would be forced back to California coast. U.S. knew of attack. (They broke the code) U.S. navy was concentrated at Midway. June 4, 1942: Japan attacked Midway. U.S. dealt Japan a decisive defeat. 4 Japanese aircraft carriers were sunk. America only lost one After Midway, Japan did not threaten Pacific domination and was on the defensive.