Unit 3&4 Review Chapters 8-11

Washington’s Presidency  Takes the oath of office in 1789  Who swore him in?  Establishes his cabinet

Hamilton’s Economic Plan  3 Parts  Create a national bank  Pay of state DebtsDebts  Institute a tariff  Why did the South oppose this plan?  Why did they end up approving of it?

Causes  Congress puts a tax on all whiskey to raise treasury funds  Meanwhile, backcountry farmers are using their surplus of corn to make whiskey.  American Revolution anyone?

Washington’s Reaction and Impact  The only president to ever ride into battle during his term in office!  Pardons the leaders of the rebellion  Armed rebellion is UNACCEPTABLE!

Political Parties Federalists  Alexander Hamilton  Federal Gov’t  Loose interpretation  Pro-British  Industrial  Power to the elite Republicans  Thomas Jefferson  State Gov’t  Strict Interpretation  Pro-French  Agricultural  Power to the people

French Revolution  Originally inspired by the American Revolution  Compare/Contrast  We remain neutral

Thomas Jefferson  Shift from Federalist ideology to Republican  Wants a more united America  Continues to pay state debts  Reduces military  Cuts government jobs  Allows federalists to keep their jobs  Laissez-faire

Louisiana Purchase  France needs money to fight the war vs. Britain  Livingston and Monroe buy the land at 4 cents/acre

Enter Lewis and Clark  3 Goals  Report back on the geography, plants, animals, and other natural resources.  Make contact with Native Americans.  Find out if a waterway existed between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean (a Northwest Passage)

The War of 1812  Impressment of sailors  France had stopped, but Britain had not  Remember back to the Jay treaty  Federalist in the North want to secede!  Treaty of Ghent  Second War for Independence.  A new pride in ourselves

Latin American Independence  Mexico  Brazil Peru  Chile  Argentina  Haiti  And many more

Monroe Doctrine  France and Russia want to help Spain regain its colonies  Britain and the US want to protect trade with Latin America  1823 President James Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine  The US would not allow European nations to create colonies in Latin America, or interfere with those free nations.

Age of Jackson  Ideology  Believed that ordinary people should participate in American political life.  Believed in creating a more democratic nation.

Change to a more democratic nation  Suffrage – the right to vote  Voting requirements extended to non-property owners  Still no suffrage for women and African Americans

Industrial Revolution In the North

What problems may arise?

Transportation

Samuel F.B. Morse  “What hath God Wrought?”

Discrimination Immigrants African Americans  German  Irish  Nativists  Slavery ends mostly by 1800  Not treated as equals

Industrial Revolution In the South

Cotton Gin  Used a spike cylinder to remove seeds from cotton fibers  Increased cotton production 50x  Contextualize – Industrial revolution

Slavery Expands  Increase in demand of cotton  10x as much was grown in 1820 than 1790  Need more slave labor  Vary from state to state  More than 50% of southern farmers did NOT own slaves