History of development of chemical pharmacy industry. Pharmacy of soviet time.

The majority of private owners of pharmacies are not pharmacists, and persons who have had an opportunity to open stores in order to further personal gain. In cases where the pharmacy owner was not a pharmacist, he hired someone to manage the pharmacy of pharmaceutical education. Only one third of the owners of pharmacies since the beginning of the twentieth century were pharmacists.

Fragments of Pharmacy Museum in Lviv

Pharmacies in the city guided individuals with higher pharmaceutical education had premises and equipment, which are more or less meet the requirements of pharmacy and have the right to set apothecary students called "normal". Owners of pharmacies, of course not set ourselves the task to improve the supply of medicines. Their efforts were directed to obtain maximum profit from trafficking in drugs and other goods. In September 1909 in Kiev started publishing the magazine "Life pharmacist" who played in the history of the trade union movement servants pharmacists that time a significant role. Pharmacies in the city guided individuals with higher pharmaceutical education had premises and equipment, which are more or less meet the requirements of pharmacy and have the right to set apothecary students called "normal". Owners of pharmacies, of course not set ourselves the task to improve the supply of medicines. Their efforts were directed to obtain maximum profit from trafficking in drugs and other goods. In September 1909 in Kiev started publishing the magazine "Life pharmacist" who played in the history of the trade union movement servants pharmacists that time a significant role.

Documents that regulate the procedure for opening pharmacies. Documents that regulate the procedure for opening pharmacies. New Apothecary statute in 1836 to allow the opening of pharmacies wherever there is a need for this, any citizen, but could only manage a pharmacy pharmacist. Permission to open a pharmacy medical department issued police. But before that it was necessary to obtain a written response from the owners of the nearby pharmacies whether to open a new pharmacy.

In addition, the 1864 Pharmaceutical Society was established to promote pharmacy and medicine. But, as full members of this society were only pharmaceutical pharmacy owners, they primarily defend their interests and fought against the expansion of pharmacy. This led to the situation that medical care was extremely poor, and the number of private pharmacies - small.

Therefore, in 1873 issued rules to eliminate harmful competition and improve medical care for each pharmacy establish standards for public service and the number By doing recipes. Thus, for metropolitan pharmacies - 12 thousand people and 30 thousand prescriptions per year per pharmacy for provincial cities - 10 thousand people and 15 thousand recipes, etc. For smaller settlements set only the distance between pharmacies - at least 15 miles.

It is clear that the owners of pharmacies resorted to various tricks to hide the real number By doing the pharmacy counter (reduced). As a result of these rules have been changed and remained the only inhabitants of the rate and the distance between rural pharmacies was reduced to 7 miles.

Having received permission to open a pharmacy, an entrepreneur had to exercise their right during the year, and then he lost it. Also forbidden to own or manage simultaneously two pharmacies. Before opening a pharmacy subjected to inspection inspector drug administration to identify and provide sufficient range of medicines, equipment, and equipment, which is necessary for the smooth functioning.

In 1905 adopted a new Apothecary Charter, to which it was entitled to the governors to authorize the opening of pharmacies. Open pharmacy allowed any interested person. The owner of the pharmacy could he manage pharmacy or hiring manager, but in this and in the second case, it could be just the person who had the title of pharmacist, aged at least 25 years. The exception to this rule is allowed only with the permission of the Minister of Interior.

Order dispensing drugs from pharmacies. Medications dispensed by prescription, copies of prescriptions, as well as oral and written demands individuals (non-prescription). Recipes that have entered the pharmacy remained in storage for three years. Besides the content of each recipe was submitted to the appropriate recipe books indicating the date, month, year and number of prescription, name of patient and doctor, method of application and amount HAVE pharmacy for medicines manufactured. At the request of the patient or doctor pharmacy was obliged to give a copy of the recipe, which she kept after manufacture drugs, but a repeat dispensing prescription medicines copies held only when a member of the medicine were potent or poisonous substances.

Pharmacy was to have a list of doctors who resolved medical practice. The first medical list or calendar was compiled in MIA invited to pharmacies lists physicians, prescription drugs are dispensed and found that the capital engaged in medical practice many people who had no medical training (there were about 200 doctors and 380 discharged recipes).

According Apothekarian Charter in 1836 without prescriptions allowed to release only drugs that did not belong to the group of toxic and potent. Poisonous medicines allowed to release without prescription artists, artisans, workers in factories, as a lot of this kind of find use in the manufacture of paints, as well as in other industries.

The pharmacy is not permitted the sale of alcoholic beverages, as well as "any kind of covert medication", except approved Medical Council, in which case the composition of the "secret tool" pharmacy must keep secret until the expiration privilege. According Aptekarskii Charter in 1836 to prepare medicines in the pharmacy had the right holder or pharmacy manager. In the case of their absence - assistant pharmacist. Pharmacy functioned round day, because at night it always had to be a pharmacist.

In 1837 in order to regulate dispensing drugs from pharmacies was issued on the distinction of external medicines from internal. The order was required to external medication, regardless of designation method Doctors had signature yellow color and that, in general, all signatures are not tied, and prykleyuvalysya to packaging. This was due to the fact that cases of poisoning, when instead of taking medicine solution for outdoor use. Resolution and application to pharmacy Charter constantly renewed. Legislative activity in the pharmaceutical industry engaged experts who had no pharmaceutical education, mainly doctors and lawyers. Only in 1830, when the Medical Council introduced two posts of deputies from pharmaceutical Society.

History of chemical and pharmaceutical industry In 1918 signed a decree on the nationalization of pharmacies. Prior to July 1920 all pharmacies in Ukraine were nationalized, passed into the hands of the state. At the end of 1923 was created Ukrderzhmedtorh, who took leadership hubmedtorhamy and trade of medicines. The same 1923 Ukrderzhmedtorh was renamed in Ukrmedtorh. Fragment Pharmacy Museum, Kyiv

At the end of the nineteenth - early twentieth century emerging chemical- pharmaceutical industry in Galicia. The volume of laboratory works in Galician pharmacies great extent volume increased and became concrete in Nineteenth Century through the development of industrial relations in Galicia, which demanded considerable number of chemical substances for technological processes of various industries. Fragment Pharmacy Museum, Kyiv

In the first decade twentieth century firm "Peter Mikolyash i Union is" provided a quarter of total needs of the entire mass of medicinal Galicia. V1921 became a legal entity - a society of chemical establishments "Laocoon." After the War (1945 on) - Plant health preparations "Laocoon", Lviv chemical-pharmaceutical factory, in 1986 JSC "Galichfarm." Peter Mikolyash

In 1916 was published the brochure "structure is chemical- pharmaceutical factory" that contributed unification of technological processes already existing and created enterprises in

In Kharkov Polytechnic Institute in under the leadership of Alexander I. Hunder produced chloroethyl, ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride, in the University under the leadership of KA Krasuskoho i Pyschymuka - salitsylaty c to Kharkov medical society will - i fityn lecithin. At the end of 1916 these combined production of chemical- pharmaceutical institute. In Crimea, near Saki Lake in 1916 built factory of brombenzol, which first started getting bromine. In Odessa was created chloroform plant. Kharkiv Polytechnic institute

Needs of the population in drugs was satisfy only on 11%. The work started in refineries Kyiv, Kharkov, Odessa, Lubny. In 1925 put into operation Kyiv chemical- pharmaceutical factory with name M.Lomosonosov - the first enterprise to produce synthetic pharmaceuticals, established in the Ukraine - chloroform, salitsyl acid, sodium salitsylat. Continued development of galenic production aptekoupravlinnyah - 28 factories. In 1931, a new chemical- pharmaceutical factory "Red Star"

In 1957 in the Ministry of Health USSR was established management pharmaceuticals i medical technique. In 1967 he was created Ministry medical industries. Growth products medical industry grew by an average of 47% (10% - WORLD). In 1985 he was the abolishment of the Ministry medical industries. On the basis of the Ministry of General Administration i microbiological industries established the Ministry of health i microbiological industries.

The first company produced medicinal preparations, the second release of proteins, feed additives, products for animal husbandry. When obye'yednanni two ministries producing ready pharmaceuticals was pushed into the background. Thus, investment in chemical- pharmaceutical industry accounted for 40%, and microbiological - 60%. Chemical-pharmaceutical factory by M.Lomosonosov

Lagging in the field of drugs been significant in former Soviet Union. In the disposal of health was a little more than three thousand pharmaceuticals, the State industry was - 40%, imports from the countries of the economic Mutual Assistance (CMEA) - 40%, 10% - produced farmfaceutical factories and pharmacies near 10% - Persistent deficit. For comparison, the market medykamentiv U.S. at that time was represented by 19,000 preparations, Japan , Switzerland Germany , Ispaniyi , France , Italy

In 1991 he created concern "Ukrmedbioprom." In 1993, on its basis - the State Committee for medical and microbiological industry in uviyshrv Committee of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Now for the manufacture of medicinal preparations in Ukraine corresponds to the Civil Service og drugs and medical devices. Today the production of medicinal preparations involved in Government, Corporate and private enterprise.

By state enterprises belong "Lvivdialik" Odessa industrial chemical-pharmaceutical enterprise, Odessa enterprise producing bacterial drugs, Experiments plant State Scientific Center of the pharmaceuticals, "Health of the people" and other. By privatized enterprises belong: FF "Darnitsa", JSC Farmak ", JSC" Galychfarm ", JSC" Kievmedpreparat ", JSC" Lubnypharm "FF" Health "and other.

Pharmaceutical Firm "Darnitsa" was created in 1954 In 1994 FF "Darnitsa" was purchased by the workforce. Adopted a program of restructuring that missed changes in almost all functional areas of firm activity. Since 1994, work began to bring the firm activities in conformity with the conditions of good manufacturing practice (GMP). In 1995 the department was created soft medicinal forms. Implemented validation of manufacturing processes that allow to control not only the intermediate products, but also the process of production. Taken IMPORTANT steps recruiters political image. Conducts regular certification, a system of permanent training of staff that crucial seminars, trainings, instructing. Full product range includes more than 90 titles.

Pharmaceutical firm "Darnitsa"

OJSC «Farmak» Open Joint-Stock Company "Farmak" was created in 1991 on the basis of the Kyiv chemical-pharmaceutical plant Nat. Lomonosov. It was the first enterprise of the synthesis of pharmaceuticals substantsiy - chloroform, salitsyl acid and other. OJSC "Farmak" is one of the leading places with the production of medicinal preparations and is the basic enterprise of producing radiopaque means. It produces more than 80 products naming different purpose: medical preparations for medical and veterinary practice, chemical substantses and others.

Borschahivskyy CPP is history from 1947, with production artel. Today is one with the largest enterprises in Ukraine manufacturing medicinal preparations. The range of products increased from 14 to 90 names.

JSC "Kievmedpreparat" was launched in Steam pharmaceutical laboratory i herbal preparations. In 1908 there - South- Russian trading company bathroom goods. The main producer of medicinal preparations, antibiotics and insh. Pharmaceutical Firm "Health" is history since 1907 as the company "Halenyka" from chemical- pharmaceutical factory "Health of workers." The range of pharmaceuticals is more than 100 items JSC "Kievmedpreparat"

In 1999, sales volume of medicinal preparations for the World Pharmaceutical Market increased at 10,7% and reached billion dollars. The share of the 10 large HOT LINKS accounted 79% of total sales volume: USA billion. (39 world market), Japan - 53.% Billion (16%), Germany (5%), France - 17, 8 (5%), Italy - 11 (3%), England - 11 (3%), Spain - 6.6, Braziliya China billion (2%), Canada Total:

Thank you for your attention.