Advanced Hillshading and Layer Tinting Techniques

Advanced methods to create the hillshade Swiss method MDOW method Combining the methods

Swiss hillshade What this method does is to create two new rasters from the input DEM. The DEM and the two new rasters are used together in the final display.

Explanation of Swiss effect “Emphasizes the major geographic features, minimizes the minor features, smoothes irregularities on the slopes, but maintains the rugged characteristics of ridge tops and canyon bottoms…You can then simulate an aerial perspective that makes the higher elevations lighter and the lower elevations darker.” –Barnes, D “Using ArcGIS to Enhance Topographic Presentation”, Cartographic Perspectives 42: 5-11.

Default hillshade

Raster calculator grid

Median filter grid

Displaying the Swiss hillshade

Layer tinted DEM

Combined rasters

With bathymetry

Multi-Directional Oblique Weighting

Explanation of MDOW method "Traditional computer-generated shaded-relief maps emphasize structures that happen to be obliquely illuminated, but wash out structures that are illuminated along the structural grain. This … technique, which emphasizes oblique illumination on all surfaces, provides more detail in areas of an image that would otherwise be illuminated by direct light or left in darkness by a single source illumination.“ This model was developed by Dr. Robert Mark, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA,

MDOW hillshade

Combining methods Order of rasters Transparency of rasters Other settings

All of the rasters together

Swiss Hillshade model MDOW model Models to create the hillshades

Symbolizing the hillshades Resampling Method Transparency Settings Effects Toolbar

Symbolizing the hillshades Color ramps Modify the color ramp colors Create a custom color ramp Save the color ramp to a style

Elevation (layer) tints Creating a custom color ramp Stretching the color ramp Setting the No Data values

Demo Style Manager

Contents of a style Reference Systems Maplex Labels Shadows Area Patches Line Patches Labels North Arrows Scale Bars Legend Items Scale Texts Color Ramps Borders Backgrounds Colors Vectorization Settings Fill Symbols Line Symbols Marker Symbols Text Symbols Hatches

Color Selector RGB CMYK HSV

Advanced Selection RGB - red, green, blue CMYK - cyan, magenta, yellow, black HSV - hue, saturation, value Gray - gray shade ramp Names - ArcInfo color names

Cyan BLUE - z y - GREEN RED - x Yellow Magenta White (255,255,255) Black (0,0,0) White (0,0,0) Blue Black (255,255,255) Green Magenta Red RGB Cyan BLUE - z y - GREEN RED - x Yellow White (255,255,255) Black (0,0,0) RGBCMYK For computer screens and television monitors For electrostatic and ink-jet plotters that deposit pigment on paper

Black Green 120° Yellow Red 0° Blue 240° HUE SATURATION 100%White VALUE Magenta HSV When you want to change one component of color Cyan 180° 0% 100%

Tips for working with color Custom colors are displayed on the color palette Right click a color to see its name Use a null color to turn off outline drawing or create transparent areas in your symbols The Eyedropper Tool lets you identify the RGB values of colors on your map

Color ramps Algorithmic color ramp Color models Graphic list of color ramps List of color ramp names

Algorithms for color ramps HSV CIE Lab Lab LCh Knowledge Base articles –17221 – How are the algorithms for color ramps in ArcMap different? –22539 – How to create or edit an algorithmic color ramp

Black Green 120° Yellow Red 0° Blue 240° HUE SATURATION 100%White VALUE Magenta HSV Linear traverse of color space between two colors Cyan 180° 0% 100%

Smooth progression from Color 1 to Color 2 CIE Lab – close to human color sensitivity

x y Similar to the human optic system Lab Lch

Blue-yellow tinting