Amelioration for Soil Water Repellence Where does it work? What are the long-term impacts? Stephen Davies, Paul Blackwell, Craig Scanlan, Derk Bakker.

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Amelioration for Soil Water Repellence Where does it work? What are the long-term impacts? Stephen Davies, Paul Blackwell, Craig Scanlan, Derk Bakker

Soil WATER REPELLENCE (~3.3M ha at risk; est. ~$251M cost p.a.) Water Repellent Soils in WA Pale deep sand Deep sand Sandy gravel Sandy duplex

Pale deep sand, Badgi. Res. Station No lasting benefits of spading, mouldboard, offsets post-2009.

Pale deep sand, McAlpine $163/ha$293/ha$451/ha$76/ha$92/ha Net 3-year benefit

Soil types, McAlpine

Pale deep sand with base, Kenny Barley WUE 3-4 kg/ha/mm Control 7-8 kg/ha/mm MBP

2012 Barley 2.7 t/ha MBP t/ha Untreated 2010 Barley 0.8 t/ha Untreated 2.0 t/ha MBP t/ha Untreated 1.8 t/ha MBP Lupin

Wheat grain yield 2013 season – 7 th season after treatments applied Prestons, Casuarinas 2013 Wheat yield Supporting your success

Wheat grain protein 2013 season – 7 th season after treatments applied Prestons, Casuarinas 2013 Grain protein Supporting your success

Screenings % 2013 Grain protein Supporting your success Kernel weight (mg)

2013 Grain protein Supporting your success But... Wongan Hills

Pale sands (with base) Yellow deep sands Sandy gravel Deep sandy duplex CAUTION Loamy sands (esp. Acidic) Deep pale sands (poor potential) Pale deep sands Yellow deep sands Sandy duplex Loamy sands (Acidic) CAUTION Gravels Pale deep sands Deep sandy duplex Sandy gravels Pale sands (with base) CAUTION Loamy sands?

Delivering agronomic strategies for water repellent soils in WA (DAW00204) Visit:

AMELIORATION OPTIONS SUMMARY Soil TypeOption 1Option 2Option 3 Pale deep sand – low potential ClayingSpading? Pale deep sand with base MouldboardClayingSpading Yellow deep sandMouldboardSpadingOne-way plough Deep sandy earth (Acidic) SpadingOne-way plough Sandy duplexSpading? Mouldboard (deep duplex) Sandy gravelMouldboardOne-way plough Spader (lower gravel)