Feel of Seeing. Feel of Hearing What is the quality of sensory experience? J Kevin ORegan Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception Centre National de.

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Presentation transcript:

Feel of Seeing

Feel of Hearing

What is the quality of sensory experience? J Kevin ORegan Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique & Université René Descartes - Paris 5

No Feel

Quality of sensory modalities Old view: –Müllers specific nerve energy New view: –Cortical maps, neural pathways

Brain creates experience standard view Explanatory gap!

Sensorimotor approach to sensory experience (ORegan & Noë, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2001)

No more explanatory gap! Sensation = exercising a skill

Sensation Accessing knowledge that you are currently exercising a certain sensorimotor skill. Quality of sensation: laws of sensorimotor contingency

The laws governing how what you do affects sensory input Sensorimotor Contingencies (D. M. MacKay, 1956)

Seeing

Red is the way red things change the light (Broackes, 1992)

Seeing Red knowing that sensorimotor contingencies typical of red are currently being obeyed.

Biological reflection properties for a biological organism reflection properties are constraints over sensory inputs set of reflection properties is finite dimensional finite number of singular reflection properties R LMS i LMS r

Universal color categories World color survey: Berlin & Kay (1969)

D. Philipona & J K ORegan, 2006

Unique hues D. Philipona & J K ORegan, 2006

Hue Cancellation 3D Wandell D. Philipona & J K ORegan, 2006

Red is the way red things change the light (Broackes, 1992)

Aline Bompas with split-field glasses

Forced choice more yellow-ish more blue-ish Bompas & ORegan, 2005, 2006

Seeing

Seeing is making an internal representation Seeing is visually manipulating standard viewnew view

The impression of seeing everything richness not in the head have algorithms to access information you see what you visually manipulate world as outside memory (ORegan, 1992; cf. also Minsky, 1988; R. Brooks, 1991)

Refrigerator light analogy (N. Thomas)

CB during Mudsplashes (ORegan, Rensink & Clark, 1999)

Reimer & Simons, 2001; Auvray & ORegan, 2004

Flicker –Rensink, ORegan & Clark,1997; 1999 Eye saccades –Currie, McConkie, Carlson-Radvansky & Irwin, 1995; McConkie & Currie, 1996 Blinks –ORegan, Deubel, Clark, Rensink, 1999 Film cuts, real life –Levin & Simons, 1997 Mudsplashes –ORegan, Rensink & Clark (Nature, 1999) Change Blindness

Inattentional blindness –Neisser –Mack & Rock –D. Simons

Sensation = exercising a skill

Sensation Accessing knowledge that you are currently exercising a certain sensorimotor skill. Quality of sensation: laws of sensorimotor contingency

big change expanding flow shifting flow nothing big change no change increasing amplitude asynchrony big change nothing blink: move forward: turn sideways: cover ears: cover eyes: SEEING HEARING Examples of sensorimotor contingencies

Tactile Visual Sensory Substitution Bach y Rita (1972; 1984)

Tongue Display Unit Sampaio, E., S. Maris., and P. Bach-y-Rita Brain plasticity: 'Visual' acuity of blind persons via the tongue. Brain Research 908(July 13):204.

Sensory Substitution rewired ferrets (Sharma, Angelucci & Sur, 2000; Melchner, Pallas & Sur, 2000) Phantom limbs TVSS (Bach y Rita, 1972, 1984) substitution of vision through sound embodiment in virtual reality –Murray & Sixsmith (1999); Heim (1995)

testing P. Meijers The vOICe Auvray & ORegan, in press

Sensation = exercising a skill

Rubber arm experiment of Botvinick & Cohen, 1998

Hand-image matching

Experiment 2 Responses: picture-matching (shoes) and foot-localisation

Stimuli: the little feet

Sensation = exercising a skill

Each eye is constitued of a retina made of randomly distributed omnidirectional photosensitive cells, and a diaphragm Each joint can freely rotate (rotule) Each segment can stretch (piston) Each light can freely move in 3D space Space from sensorimotor contingencies Philipona, O'Regan & Nadal, Neural Computation, Philipona, O'Regan, Nadal & Coenen, NIPS, 2003.

Philipona, O Regan & Nadal, Neural Computation 2003

Aerial Snapshot Agent Uncalibrated camera, effectors

Aerial Snapshot Agent –Make linear predictors –Study commutativity –Determine basis of translations and rotations

Aerial Snapshot Agent Sensorimotor embedding Self insertion Similarity (proximity) judgments

Aerial Snapshot Agent Isomap with K=4,5,6,7Sensorimotor embedding Philipona, Glanois & ORegan, under review

Summary New view on what sensory experience is Predictions about –Color –Sensory substitution –Body sense Robotic applications –Color –Space –Dimension reduction Other work –Sensory feels vs mental feels –Pain –Consciousness

Philosophy –Erik Myin, Antwerp Psychology –Malika Auvray, Aline Bompas, Ed Cooke Robotics –David Philipona, Fred Glanois EU funding: CoSy Integrated project ENACTIVE Network of excellence