Notes on Chapter Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics

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Presentation transcript:

Notes on Chapter 10-11 Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Conceptual Physics Notes on Chapter 10-11 Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Every object will rotate about a central point…CENTER OF GRAVITY. Note: Also known as CENTER OF MASS

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics How to find the Center of Gravity (CG). All of an objects mass acts as if it were concentrated at it’s center. If you suspend any object, then draw a line beneath. Repeat until you get two lines that cross.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Toppling An object will topple over only when the CG extends beyond the base of support.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Stability The closer the CG is to the base (ground), the more stable an object is said to be.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Center of Gravity on People

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics TORQUE Torque is simply a turning force. Open a door knob Tighten a nut with a wrench Using a Hammer.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics A torque is produced when a force is applied with Leverage. Leverage is what is used to apply a force to an object. This force is applied through the LEVER ARM.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics TORQUE TORQUE = FORCE X LEVER ARM So the same torque can be produced by a large force and a short lever arm … or small force with a large lever arm.

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Ever try pull a nail with a small or large hammer? Which is easier? Why?

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics Angular Momentum Angular Momentum is like Linear Momentum – has a vector quantity and magnitude. Angular Momentum = Rotational inertia x Rotational velocity Angular Momentum = mass x velocity Angular Momentum = I ω Angular Momentum = mvr

Center of Gravity & Rotational Mechanics CONSERVATION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM If no unbalanced external torque acts on a rotating system, the angular momentum of that system is constant.